from Operation-management factors associated with early-postnatal mortality of US foals, Losinger WC, Traub-Dargatz JL, Sampath RK, Morley PS, Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 47 (2000) 157-175, November 2000. Persistent BVD infection in US beef herds In 1996, testing for BVD persistent infection was carried out on 18,931 spring born calves in 128 beef herds. Of these herds, 76 were randomly sel...

The eradication of BVD in the UK is technically possible but appears to be socially untenable. The following study explored farmer attitudes to BVD control schemes in relation to advice networks and information sharing, shared aims and goals, motivation and benefits of membership, notions of BVD as a priority disease and attitudes toward regulation. Two concepts from the organisational manageme...

Many studies use the book value of debt as a proxy for its market value because most corporate debt does not trade. I call this practice the book value of debt (BVD) approximation, and it appears to be justified by the observation that the average market value of debt is close to its book value. Many corporate bonds, however, trade at values significantly different from their book values, and c...

Introduction: Bilateral vestibular dysfunction (BVD) is an uncommon finding in vestibular assessment, and the combination of BVD and orthopedic problems represents a rare and challenging case for treatment.   Case Report: The patient had several previous back surgeries and received gentamycin after surgery. After 6 months, she experienced continuous dizziness, unsteadiness and oscillopsia. ...

BACKGROUND BVD and IBR are contagious viral diseases highly prevalent in Irish cattle. Despite their significant reproductive and economic impact very little is known about the BVD and IBR status of stock bulls (a bull used for breeding purposes). There are still a high proportion of dairy farms in Ireland that rely on the use of a bull for breeding cattle and ensuring the fertility of the bull...

A single experiment with a completely randomized design was conducted to evaluate the effects of long- or short-term exposure to a calf identified as persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus (PI-BVD) on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of freshly weaned, transport-stressed beef heifers. Two hundred eighty-eight heifers that had been vaccinated for BVD before weaning...

Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) is an emerging disease in both New World Camelids (NWCs) and Old World Camelids (OWCs). The virus has been isolated from NWCs particularly in alpacas and dromedaries, but there are no reports of BVD in Bactrians. BVD is an important infectious disease. Both sub-genotypes 1a, 1b and genotype 2 have been isolated from NWCs but the ncp BVDV 1b is primarily implicated in...

The aim of this study was to assess the interaction between the heme oxygenase-1/ biliverdin/carbon monoxide (HO-1/BVD/CO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways in the writhing test. Mice were pretreated with 0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg, ip etoricoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, or with one of the following HO-1/BVD/CO pathway modulators: 1, 3 or 9 mg/kg, sc ZnPP IX, a specific HO-1 inhibitor, 0.3, 1 ...

Numerous studies in animals and humans have shown that damage to the vestibular system in the inner ear results in spatial memory deficits, presumably because areas of the brain such as the hippocampus require vestibular input to accurately represent the spatial environment. Consistent with this hypothesis, studies in animals have demonstrated that complete bilateral vestibular deafferentation ...

Infections with Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVD) are endemic in cattle populations worldwide and result in major economic losses; hence, many countries have begun BVD eradication programs. The authors estimated the losses caused by BVD, and the estimated annual losses in 2012 amounted to 4.5 million EUR in Hungary. In a dairy cattle farm with 1000 cows the acute clinical BVD could cause more ...