Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is considered as a strong candidate for future wireless communication because it is marked by its higher frequency multiplicity and greater immunity to multipath fading. However, the main drawback of OFDM is its high amplitude fluctuations measured by peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), which leads to power inefficiency and requires expensive hi...

Selected mapping (SLM) peak–power reduction [1] is distortionless as it selects the actual transmit signal from a set of alternative signals, which all represent the same information. Usually, the specific signal generation information needs to be transmitted and carefully protected against bit errors. Here, we propose an extension of SLM, which employs scrambling and refrains from transmitting...

High peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the transmit signal is a major drawback of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Selected mapping (SLM) technique is an efficient PAPR reduction technique for OFDM. In the SLM technique, many data blocks are generated from an OFDM data block using a set of phase sequences, and then the one with the lowest PAPR is chosen and transmitted. In...

This paper proposes spatial lattice modulation (SLM), a spatial modulation method for multipleinput-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The key idea of SLM is to jointly exploit spatial, in-phase, and quadrature dimensions to modulate information bits into a multi-dimensional signal set that consists of lattice points. One major finding is that SLM achieves a higher spectral efficiency than the exi...

Spatial light modulator (SLM) implementation of wavefront encoding enables various types of engineered point-spread functions (PSFs), including the generalized-cubic and squared-cubic phase mask wavefront encoded (WFE) PSFs, shown to reduce the impact of sample-induced spherical aberration in fluorescence microscopy. This investigation validates dynamic experimental parameter variation of these...

Land degradation is a serious impediment to improving rural livelihoods in Eastern Africa. This paper identifies major land degradation patterns and causes, and analyzes the determinants of sustainable land management (SLM) in three countries (Ethiopia, Malawi and Tanzania). The results show that land degradation hotspots cover about 51%, 41%, 23% and 23% of the terrestrial areas in Tanzania, M...

The aim of this work was to evaluate and compare the color, texture and sensory characteristics of whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) surimi and mechanically separated chicken meat (MDCM) surimi-like material (SLM). The whiteness of the MDCM-SLM was higher (P > 0.05) than that from the surimi. Higher breaking force (P < 0.05) and gel strength (P < 0.05) were also observed for the MDCM-...

The paper directly compares two versions of a medical speech translation system, one with a grammar based language model (GLM) recognizer and the other with a statistical language model (SLM) recognizer. We construct the GLM using a corpus-based method, so that both the GLM and the SLM can be derived from the same corpus; evaluation is carried out with respect to performance on the speech trans...

Peak-to-average power ratio reduction in OFDM using selected mapping (SLM) is considered. A new low-complexity version of SLM is introduced, which employs the principle of widely-linear signal processing, i.e., real and imaginary part of the candidate OFDM frames are treated separately. Thereby, investing the numerical complexity of conventional SLM with U candidates, a performance almost equal...

One of the well – known Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) mitigation technique for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is Selected Mapping (SLM). Up till now, many different low complexity SLM schemes have been proposed, but most of them reduce the computational intricacy at the cost of Bit Error Rate (BER) or Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) mitigation performance degradation....