Endocannabinoids are key intercellular signaling molecules in the brain, but the physiological regulation of the endocannabinoid system is not understood. We used the retrograde signal process called depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI) to study the regulation of this system. DSI is produced when an endocannabinoid released from pyramidal cells suppresses IPSCs by activating C...

We demonstrate experimentally and numerically a method using the incoherent delayed self-interference (DSI) of chaotic light from a semiconductor laser with optical feedback to generate wideband chaotic signal. The results show that, the DSI can eliminate the domination of laser relaxation oscillation existing in the chaotic laser light and therefore flatten and widen the power spectrum. Furthe...

We report Si-isotopic compositions of 75 sedimentologically and petrographically characterized chert samples with ages ranging from 2600 to 750 Ma using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. dSi values of the cherts analyzed in this study show a 7& range, from 4.29 to +2.85. This variability can be explained in part by (1) simple mixing of silica derived from continental...

Diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) from multiple diffusion-weighted images (DWI) allows to image the complex geometry of water diffusion in biological tissue. To capture the structure of DSI data, we propose to use sparse coding constrained by physical properties of the signal, namely symmetry and positivity, to learn a dictionary of diffusion profiles. Given this estimated model of the signal, w...

Diatoms are highly abundant unicellular algae that often dominate pelagic as well as benthic primary production in the oceans and inland waters. Being strictly dependent on silica to build their biomineralized cell walls, marine diatoms precipitate 240 × 10(12) mol Si per year, which makes them the major sink in the global Si cycle. Dissolved silicic acid (dSi) availability frequently limits di...

Service innovation is attracting attention with the expanding service industries and economies. Accompanied by major developments in ICT and sensory and digital technologies, the interest in digital service innovation (DSI), both from academia and industry, is increasing. Digitization and the accompanying technological advancements are leading to phenomena that call for extensive research in re...

About 75% of extant sponge species use dissolved silicon (DSi) to build a siliceous skeleton. We show that silicon (Si) uptake by sublittoral Axinella demosponges follows an enzymatic kinetics. Interestingly, maximum uptake efficiency occurs at experimental DSi concentrations two orders of magnitude higher than those in the sponge habitats, being unachievable in coastal waters of modern oceans....

To aid risk assessment, management, and treatment planning it is essential to assess child sexual abusers' deviant sexual interests (DSI) and preferences (DSP) for sex with children. However, measurement of DSI/DSP is fraught with psychometric problems. In consequence, research interest has shifted to latency-based indirect measures as a measurement approach to complement self-report and physio...

We study the fractal properties of the two-dimensional (2D) discrete scale-invariant (DSI) rough surfaces. The contour lines of these rough surfaces show clear DSI. In the appropriate limit the DSI surfaces converge to the scale-invariant rough surfaces. The fractal properties of the 2D DSI rough surfaces apart from possessing the discrete scale-invariance property follow the properties of the ...

Endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling mediates depolarization-induced suppression of excitation (DSE) and inhibition (DSI), two prominent forms of retrograde synaptic depression. N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), two known eCBs, are degraded by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), respectively. Selective blockade of FAAH and MAGL is c...