The extent and intensity of pre-Columbian impacts on lowland Amazonia have remained uncertain and controversial. Various indicators can be used to gauge the impact of pre-Columbian societies, but the formation of nutrient-enriched terra preta soils has been widely accepted as an indication of long-term settlement and site fidelity. Using known and newly discovered terra preta sites and maximum ...

The Terra satellite, flagship of NASA’s long-term Earth Observing System (EOS) Program, continues to provide useful earth science observations well past its 5-year design lifetime. This paper describes the evolution of Terra operations, including challenges and successes and the steps taken to preserve science requirements and prolong spacecraft life. Working cooperatively with the Terra scienc...

سپیدایی از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت زﻳﺴﺖ‌ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ و آب‌و‌ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ به‌شمار می‌رود؛ ازاین‌رو، بررسی رفتار زمانی مکانی آن می‌تواند ابزاری برای شناخت تغییرات محیطی باشد. ﺳﻨﺠﻨﺪة مودیس ﺳﻄﺢ زﻣﻴﻦ را به‌طور ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ، ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺪرت ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ مناسب ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ دسترس پژوهشگران ﻗﺮار داده است. این پژوهش، واکاوی موانع برداشت/ دیدبانی ایران‌زمین، نخست داده‌های روزانة سنجندة محدودة ایران، بازة 1/1/1379 تا 10/1...

BACKGROUND Aging is a known risk factor of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the effects of advanced aging remain largely unknown. Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) represents a type of long noncoding RNA. In this study, the regulatory roles of TERRA on human telomeres and mitochondria and IPF epithelial injury model were identified. METH...

Taking northern Xinjiang, China, as an example, this study first compares the standard MODIS Terra and Aqua snow cover classifications, and then compares the accuracy of the standard MODIS daily and 8-day snow cover products with the new daily and multi-day snow cover combination of MODIS Terra and Aqua observations using in situ measurements. Under clear sky in both products, the agreement of ...

BACKGROUND Terra-firma forme dermatosis, also known as Duncan's dirty dermatosis, is a benign skin condition that presents as dirt-like plaques in patients of all ages. PURPOSE We describe a series of ten patients that presented with terra-firma forme dermatosis. METHODS AND MATERIALS We reviewed PubMed for the following terms: dermatosis, Duncan's dirty dermatosis, isopropyl alcohol, terra...

A commentary on TERRA expression levels do not correlate with telomere length and radiation sensitivity in human cancer cell lines We read with great interest the Research Article by Smirnova et al. (1) in which sets of isogenic subclones isolated from human cancer cell lines were used to investigate the impact of telomere length on telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) expression. The first ...

We appreciated the commentary of Van Beneden et al. (1) on our article (2) because is giving us the opportunity to discuss the advantages and limitations of the various methods currently in use to measure TElomeric Repeat containing RNA (TERRA) cellular levels and to present new data supporting our previous conclusions. Which is the most appropriate method to analyze TERRA levels? With qRT-PCR,...

The tumour suppressor gene (Rb1) is necessary for the maintenance of telomere integrity in osteoblastic cells. We now show that the compaction of telomeric chromatin and the appropriate histone modifications of telomeric DNA are both dependent upon Rb1-mediated transcription of the telomere-derived long non-coding RNA TERRA. Expression of TERRA was reduced in Rb1 haploinsufficient cells, and fu...