The coexistence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains a controversial issue in the literature. To address this controversy, we focused primarily on the civilian-related literature of TBI and PTSD. Some investigators have argued that individuals who had been rendered unconscious or suffered amnesia due to a TBI are unable to develop PTSD because they wo...

IMPORTANCE Delayed-onset posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) accounts for approximately 25% of PTSD cases. Current models do not adequately explain the delayed increases in PTSD symptoms after trauma exposure. OBJECTIVE To test the roles of initial psychiatric reactions, mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), and ongoing stressors on delayed-onset PTSD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In th...

This study investigated rates of subthreshold PTSD and associated impairment in comparison to no PTSD and full PTSD and prospectively followed the course of subthreshold symptoms over 3 years. 3360 workers dispatched to the WTC site following 9/11 completed clinician interviews and self-report measures at three time points each one year apart. At Time 1, 9.7% of individuals met criteria for sub...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be triggered by life-threatening medical events such as strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Little is known regarding how PTSD triggered by medical events affects patients' adherence to medications. METHODS We surveyed 535 participants, age ≥40 years old, who had at least 1 stroke or TIA in the previous 5 years. PTSD w...

This study investigated the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mental health comorbidities among career firefighters in U.S. examined occupational factors related to PTSD. A total 624 male completed questions regarding PTSD conditions. Nearly 7% met criteria for being range concern PTSD, those, 87% screened positive at least one other condition. Those with also reported sig...

BACKGROUND Although sustaining physical injury in theater increases service members' risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), exposure to explosive munitions may increase the risk of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We hypothesized a higher incidence of PTSD and mTBI in service members who sustained both burn and explosion injuries than in nonexplosion exposed service members. METHOD...

BACKGROUND Decreased hippocampal volume is described in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. However, it is not known whether it is a risk factor for the development of PTSD or a consequence of PTSD. We sought to determine the effects of PTSD and depressive symptoms on hippocampal volume. METHODS Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging data were collected in a cross sectional ...

OBJECTIVE The study examined the association between cortisol and putative risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of subjects at increased risk for the development of PTSD. METHOD Twenty-four-hour urinary cortisol excretion was measured in 35 adult offspring of Holocaust survivors and 15 healthy comparison subjects who were not offspring of Holocaust survivors. Subj...

The present report examined the extent to which subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (without lifetime PTSD) and full PTSD are associated with impairment or distress, controlling for comorbidity (i.e., major depression and panic disorder) in a sample of treatment-seeking psychiatric patients. Patients were administered diagnostic interviews and assessed for psychosocial impairment ...

Abstract The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1.5–5 years) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) subscale by Dehon & Scheeringa (2006) as a screener for PTSD in trauma-exposed young children has yielded inconsistent results so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to create and examine validity alternative CBCL-PTSD subscales compare them existing based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria 6 years...