The crystal structure of P450 2B4 bound with 1-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazole (1-CPI) has been determined to delineate the structural basis for the observed differences in binding affinity and thermodynamics relative to 4-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazole (4-CPI). Compared with the previously reported 4-CPI complex, there is a shift in the 1-CPI complex of the protein backbone in helices F and I, reposition...

Aspergillus oryzae O-1018 (FERM P-15834) separated from industrial koji for brewing sake was found to produce five papain-inhibitory compounds in the culture supernatant. The five isolated inhibitors were named CPI-1 to CPI-5, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and chemical degradation. We determined the structures of CPI-2, CPI-3 and CPI-4 as 4-amino-1-[[N- [(2S, 3S...

Protein kinase C-potentiated phosphatase inhibitor of 17 kDa (CPI-17) mediates some agonist-induced smooth muscle contraction by suppressing the myosin phosphatase in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. The physiologically relevant kinases that phosphorylate CPI-17 remain to be identified. Several previous studies have shown that some agonist-induced CPI-17 phosphorylation in smooth muscle tiss...

Cystatins, together with stefins and kininogens, are members of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors (CPI) present across the animal and plant kingdoms. Their role in parasitic organisms may encompass both essential developmental processes and specific interactions with the parasite's vector and/or final host. We summarise information gathered on three cystatins from the hum...

Children’s purchase influence (CPI) is an important factor in understanding family consumption behavior. The present study investigated the effects of cultural adaptation, including the role of acculturation and ethnicidentification, on children’s role in family purchase decisions. By conceiving of CPI as a family context-dependent phenomenon, we hypothesized that parent–child cultural dissonan...

Inhibition of myosin phosphatase is critical for agonist-induced contractility of vascular smooth muscle. The protein CPI-17 is a phosphorylation-dependent inhibitor of myosin phosphatase and, in response to agonists, Thr-38 is phosphorylated by protein kinase C, producing a >1,000-fold increase in inhibitory potency. Here, we addressed how CPI-17 could selectively inhibit myosin phosphatase am...

The Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality (CPI) has built a comprehensive research program focused on measuring and explaining trends in poverty, inequality, and labor market outcomes. This program features 15 research groups (RGs) that address some of the important poverty-relevant measurement problems facing the nation. The current infrastructure for measuring poverty is antiquated, rests...

The Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality (CPI) has built a comprehensive research program focused on measuring and explaining trends in poverty, inequality, and labor market outcomes. This program features 15 research groups (RGs) that address some of the important poverty-relevant measurement problems facing the nation. The current infrastructure for measuring poverty is antiquated, rests...

The Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality (CPI) has built a comprehensive research program focused on measuring and explaining trends in poverty, inequality, and labor market outcomes. This program features 15 research groups (RGs) that address some of the important poverty-relevant measurement problems facing the nation. The current infrastructure for measuring poverty is antiquated, rests...