Endocannabinoids (eCBs) are retrograde lipid messengers that, by targeting presynaptic type 1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1Rs), mediate short- and long-term synaptic depression of neurotransmitter release throughout the brain. Short-term depression is typically triggered by postsynaptic, depolarization-induced calcium rises, whereas long-term depression is induced by synaptic activation of Gq/11 p...

BACKGROUND Through the clinical use of positron emission tomography, we aimed to elucidate the complex relationship between glucose uptake and squamous cell oral cancer (ScOC) growth, along with its mechanism with respect to tissue blood flow (tBF). MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed a total of 69 newly diagnosed ScOC patients by Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron e...

Excess body fat deposited viscerally rather than elsewhere in the body is associated with higher risk for hypertension; this relationship is stronger in men than in women. Here we investigated whether similar sex dimorphism exists already in adolescence. A population-based sample of adolescent boys (n=237) and girls (n=262), age 12 to 18 years, was studied. Total body fat (TBF) was assessed wit...

Proper implementation of direct injection clearance techniques to measure tumor blood flow (TBF) requires knowledge of the tracer distribution because TBF distribution is often inhomogeneous. Therefore, deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was used to follow tracer (HOD) distribution after direct injection of 10-40 microliters isotonic saline/D2O into RIF-1 tumors. Within 2 to 4 min aft...

Body mass index (BMI) is often used as a surrogate estimate of percent body fat in epidemiological studies. This study tested the hypothesis that BMI is representative of body fatness independent of age, sex, ethnicity, and geographic location in prepubertal children. The study sample included a total of 605 prepubertal children (275 girls and 330 boys) of which 247 were Chinese from Jinan, Sha...

Three experiments were designed to clarify the perplexing ability of subjects to discriminate between to-be-remembered (TBR) and to-be-forgotten (TBF) items in memory. After the presentation of each pair of words in a list, subjects were first required to solve one to four arithmetic problems and were then cued whether to remember or forget that pair. When subjects were free to use a remember (...

Characterization and Ex Vivo Evaluation S. Tuncay Tanriverdi, O. Ozer Ege University Purpose The aim of this study to prepare Terbinafine hydrochloride (TBF-HCl) loaded liposome included film formulations for ungual therapy of onychomycosis. Ex-vivo nail permeation studies was performed with these formulations to investigate accumulation of TBF-HCl on nail plate. Methods The thin film hydration...

The clinical presentation of primary Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) derives from various pathogenic triggers. The use of thermal biofeedback (TBF) may be of benefit in reducing the severity and frequency of attacks. This article summarizes the relevant research regarding the pathophysiology of primary RP and mechanism of TBF for RP. Systematic reviews of the efficacy of TBF for RP and treatment guid...

Short-Term protein-pacing (P; ~6 meals/day, >30% protein/day) and caloric restriction (CR, ~25% energy deficit) improves total (TBF), abdominal (ABF) and visceral (VAT) fat loss, energy expenditure, and biomarkers compared to heart healthy (HH) recommendations (3 meals/day, 15% protein/day) in obese adults. Less is known whether obese men and women respond similarly to P-CR during weight loss (...

The state of aggregation room temperature liquid perfluoro tert-butanol (TBF) has been assessed in comparison with that its hydrogenated homologue (TBH). This study performed using vibrational spectroscopy (Raman scattering and infrared absorption) X-ray diffraction, analyzed by quantum DFT calculations Molecular Dynamics simulations. In contrast TBH, which large oligomers (aggregates 4 to 6 mo...