PURPOSE Specular images of the tear film in the central cornea were examined in patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction to observe changes before and after dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). METHODS We observed the specular images in 4 patients (5 eyes) by a noncontact observation device and recording system. Observed patterns were classified into five grades. The specular images and tear menis...

PURPOSE External and endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (EX-DCR and EN-DCR, respectively) affect the tear drainage mechanism. This study evaluates the preservation of "lacrimal pump" function in both procedures. METHODS Cases of successful EN-DCR (4 patients) and EX-DCR (4 patients) were included. All patients underwent MRI of the rhinostomy areas, at least 6 months postoperatively. The vertical...

We study modularity, run-time adaptation and refinement under safety and liveness constraints in event-based process models with dynamic sub-process instantiation. The study is part of a larger programme to provide semantically well-founded technologies for modelling, implementation and verification of flexible, run-time adaptable processaware information systems, moved into practice via the Dy...

When the control unit detects the diagnose input sequence, it sets the DCR (p, = 1 for all 0, and drives the architecture to the DTM by setting NIT = 0 and TID = 0. This switches the MUX driving To,, to the DCR output therefore driving the external output to a logic 1, to signal that the device is in DTM (see Fig. 2). The control unit then sets the DCR to the shift mode, starting a partition id...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by controlling the turnover, translation, or both of specific mRNAs. In Drosophila, Dicer-1 (Dcr-1) is essential for generating mature miRNAs from their corresponding precursors. Because miRNAs are known to modulate developmental events, such as cell fate determination and maintenance in many species, we investigated whether a lack of Dcr-1 would affe...

BACKGROUND To compare the capability of lung nodule detection and characterization between dual-energy radiography with color-representation (DCR) and conventional gray scale chest radiography (GSR). METHODS A total of 130 paired chest radiographs (DCR and GSR) obtained from 65 patients (14 with normal scans and 51 with pulmonary nodules) were evaluated. After analysis, 45 non-calcified and 2...

Dynamically Controlled Routing (DCR) is a centralized, adaptive network traffic management system which significantly enhances network performance and survivability. In a DCR network, switches communicate with a network processor which computes routing recommendations for overflow traffic based on near real time network status and traffic volume information. A DCR network, when properly dimensi...

BACKGROUND Nasolacrimal duct obstruction is caused by a variety of acquired and congenital etiologies. The standard treatment is dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), with the gold standard being the external DCR. Since the advent of the nasal endoscope, the transnasal endoscopic DCR has gained popularity and has several advantages over the external approach. Some potential advantages include the avoida...