EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs EA L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of PCs 1 268855128 527448 9598 11925 268855128 522745 5 11721 268855128 523571

PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs PC L1 Misses L2 Misses Number of EAs 1 463592

This study examined the interrelationships of first language (L1) literacy, second language (L2) proficiency, and L2 reading comprehension with 246 Chinese college students learning English. L1 literacy and L2 proficiency were measured with college admission exams in Chinese and English. L2 reading comprehension was measured with the reading comprehension section of a TOEFL and a researcher-dev...

Although second language (L2) writing is a popular topic among SLA researchers, the fact that L2 has potential to act as scaffold for speaking accuracy often overlooked. This study's objective was provide empirical evidence can be used improve of oral discourse. Twenty-three Novice and 21 Intermediate university learners Russian participated in study. They completed text reconstruction task by ...

Critical pedagogy (CP) empowers L2 learners to have a voice in the classroom and in the society. This study was an attempt to investigate whether the current classroom discourse  in  Iran  can  endow  the  L2  learners with  a  critical  awareness  to  actively transform their learning processes and creatively engage in collaborative dialogues to construct new knowledge. To this end, the discou...

This paper aims at providing a comprehensive review of previous research on second language (L2) writing. Major issues and the relevant findings from five areas of inquiry into L2 writing are presented, namely, L2 writers’ characteristics, the L2 writing process, L2 writing feedback, L2 writing instruction, and L2 writers’ texts. It is found that L2 writing is quite a complex process which invo...

Based on the controversial beliefs among L2 teachers about effective corrective feedback (CF) strategies, recast and prompts as 2 kinds of CF have drawn the attention of L2 researchers(e.g., Braidi, 2002; Iwashita, 2003; Loewen & Philp, 2006; Panova & Lyster, 2002; Sheen, 2004). Despite these numbers of studies, debate continues to exist about their usefulness as a CF technique. Whereas recasts...

the idea is growing among educators that thinking skill needs to be given a direct attention. on one hand, critical thinking is supposed to broaden students’ thinking in all regards (schafersman, 1991); and on the other hand learners’ attitudes towards the second language can affect both their performance in the class and their final accomplishment. to this end, the present study started with t...