Those in the community of gaming theory and practice have pigeonholed gamification as a term. It is generally considered that it means applying gaming principles to non-gaming environments. Gaming theorists like Richard Bartle, wedded to his dated MUD model of gamers, speak out against gamification with passion, setting out why it never works and how videogames stand in their own right. Those i...

The media are increasingly fascinated by neuroscience. Here, we consider how neuroscientific discoveries are thematically represented in the popular press and the implications this has for society. In communicating research, neuroscientists should be sensitive to the social consequences neuroscientific information may have once it enters the public sphere.

Recent debates on the role of computer-mediated communication (CMC) in facilitating a democratisation of the public sphere are criticized for presenting inadequate accounts of the public sphere that is being transformed. Like broadcast communication, computer-mediated communication does not obey national borders. Because of this a number of questions are raised insofar as the traditional concep...

abstract the investigation of habermas’s political ideas of philosophical perspective and measuring his philosophical principles ratio, which is the deliberative democracy, is a purpose of this study that will be followed.  on the one hand, the importance of this issue is this that represents the new readings of democratic standards and on the other hand, consolidates one type of the democracy ...