Vipera berus bites lead to a variety of clinical manifestations. Local swelling, coagulopathy, nephrotoxicity, cardiac effects and myotoxicity are known to be associated with envenoming by a viper bite. Although a variety of clinical manifestations have been reported in viper bite cases, anaphylactic reactions and liver injury events have not been described. We report a unique case of an anaphy...

A natural hybrid of Vipera ammodytes × Vipera berus was presented having 26 low body weight, seizures and generalized swelling of the cephalic region. Based on the 27 history of the case and clinical examination, hemorrhagic stomatitis of traumatic origin was 28 diagnosed. The snake was kept in a terrarium with wood chips as a substrate, and the material 29 had induced trauma in the oral mucosa...

A natural hybrid of Vipera ammodytes × Vipera berus was presented having low body weight, seizures and generalized swelling of the cephalic region. Based on the history of the case and clinical examination, hemorrhagic stomatitis of traumatic origin was diagnosed. The snake was kept in a terrarium with wood chips as a substrate, and the material had induced trauma in the oral mucosa which was f...

The venoms from central Asian snakes (Echis carinatus, Echis multisquamatus, Vipera ursini, Vipera lebetina, Agkistrodon halys halys and Naja naja oxiana) contain several enzymes with amidolytic- and procoagulant activity. We have characterized the activities and the mol. wts of the venom enzymes that are able to convert a number of commercially available chromogenic substrates for activated co...

The aim of this study was designing and preparing the chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) loading with snake (Vipera albicornuta) venom as well as evaluating the influence of different factors on the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of venom. The morphologies and characteristics of CS-NPs were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectr...

background snake venom is a complex mixture of different components including proteins and peptides that mostly has enzymatic properties. in this study, the alkaline phosphatase (alp) activity is measured in iranian vipera lebetina, venomous snake on sephadex g-100 to investigate the suitability of this procedure. material and methods the method of this study is experimental. 100 mg of the crud...

In this study, polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis and densitometry analysis methods were used to analyze venom extracts of Vipera xanthina specimens of different lengths (35, 47 and 88 cm) collected from the same locality. The electropherograms of the venom protein samples showed age-dependent qualitative and quantitative variations.