Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of NaCl mimics the effects of a high-salt diet in salt-sensitive hypertension, raising the sodium concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF [Na]) and subsequently increasing the concentration of an endogenous ouabain-like substance (OLS) in the brain. The OLS in turn inhibits the brain Na, K-ATPase, causing an increase in the activity of the brain r...

BACKGROUND In patients with hemodynamically significant pulmonary embolism, physiological fibrinolysis fails to dissolve thrombi acutely and r-tPA (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator) therapy may be required, despite its bleeding risk. To examine potential mechanisms, we analyzed the expression of key fibrinolytic molecules in experimental pulmonary emboli, assessed the contribution ...

The α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) is widely distributed in the brain with distinct roles for α2-AR subtypes (A, B and C). In this article, data are provided on Activity Regulated Cytoskeleton Associated Protein (Arc) and Zif268 expression in the brain of the α2A-AR knockout (α2A-AR KO) mouse. These data are supplemental to an original research article examining Arc and Zif268 expression in rat...

The emergence of the novel H7N9 influenza A virus (IAV) has caused global concerns about the ability of this virus to spread between humans. Analysis of the receptor-binding properties of this virus using a recombinant protein approach in combination with fetuin-binding, glycan array and human tissue-binding assays demonstrates increased binding of H7 to both α2-6 and α2-8 sialosides as well as...

The Schur multiplier M(Ḡ1) ≅4 of the maximal subgroup Ḡ1 = 2⁶˙G₂(2)of Rudvalis sporadic simple group Ru is a cyclic order 4. Hence full representative R type 4.(2⁶˙G₂(2)) exists for Ḡ1. Furthermore, will have four sets IrrProj(Ḡ1;αi) irreducible projective characters, where associated factor α1, α2, α3 and α4, orders 1, 2, 4 4, respectively. In this paper, we deal with 2-fold cover 2. which can...

A5 noradrenergic neurons control sympathetic outflow, nociception, and respiration. The presence of α2-adrenergic receptors (α2-ARs) in A5 cells has been suggested by immunohistochemistry. In the present experiments, we analyze the response of spinally projecting A5 cells to α2-AR agonists, and we compare it with that of locus ceruleus (A6) neurons. Whole cell recordings were obtained from 52 s...

GABA type A receptors (GABA(A)-R) are important for ethanol actions and it is of interest to link individual subunits with specific ethanol behaviors. We studied null mutant mice for six different GABA(A)-R subunits (α1, α2, α3, α4, α5 and δ). Only mice lacking the α2 subunit showed reduction of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) to ethanol. These results are in agreement with data from knock-in ...

Na-K-ATPase is a fundamental component of ion transport. Four α isoforms of the Na-K-ATPase catalytic α subunit are expressed in human cells. The ubiquitous Na-K-ATPase α1 was recently discovered to also mediate signal transduction through Src kinase. In contrast, α2 expression is limited to a few cell types including myocytes, where it is coupled to the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger. To test whether ...

Accumulation and deposition of Aβ is one of the main neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and impaired Aβ degradation may be one mechanism of accumulation. Plasmin is the key protease of the plasminogen system and can cleave Aβ. Plasmin is activated from plasminogen by tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). The activators are regula...

Wediscuss various questions around partitioning a split graph into connected parts. Our main result is a polynomial time algorithm that decides whether a given split graph is fully decomposable, that is, whether it can be partitioned into connected parts of orders α1, α2, . . . , αk for every α1, α2, . . . , αk summing up to the order of the graph. In contrast, we show that the decision problem...