The zygomaticofacial branch (ZFb) of the zygomatic nerve travels along the inferolateral angle of the orbit, traverses the zygomaticofacial foramen (ZFF) in the zygomatic bone, and then perforates the orbicularis oculi muscle to finally reach the skin of the malar area, which it innervates. The bilateral absence of the ZFb and the ZFF was found in an 80-year-old Caucasian cadaver. In addition, ...

In this chapter, two main treatment options for severely edentulous atrophic posterior maxillae—bone augmentation procedure and zygomatic implant application—are presented. Poor bone quality and insufficient bone volume due to critical jawbone atrophy in the posterior maxillae are addressed as the main factors contribute to the failure of dental implant system. The rationales behind the introdu...

PURPOSE The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the safety of zygomatic bone harvesting and to determine whether a particulated zygomatic bone graft can be used simultaneously with 1-stage dental implants to reconstruct resorbed edentulous alveolar ridges. MATERIALS AND METHODS Altogether, 82 dental implants were placed in 32 patients. Particulated bone grafts harvested from the...

PURPOSE The zygomatic implant is mainly indicated for the rehabilitation of extremely atrophied maxillae when bone augmentation should be avoided. One drawback of zygomatic implants, which typically pass through the sinus, is initial or late bone resorption around the implant neck, which can result in oroantral communications followed by possible infection of the sinus. To decrease the risk of ...

The objective of this study was to analyse stress distribution in craniofacial structures around zygomatic osseointegrated implants. An integrated system for Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data were utilized to create a three-dimensional model of craniofacial structures. The amount and distribution of the main stresses were compared using three-dimensional finite element...

PURPOSE To evaluate the use of the buccal fat pad flap (BFPF) technique as an option to prevent complications in the treatment of patients with atrophic maxillae rehabilitated after complex zygomatic implant surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was made of completely edentulous patients submitted to zygomatic implant surgery between May 2005 and November 2007. Patients with se...

The aim of this study was to analyse the in vitro the stress distribution in craniofacial structures around zygomatic implants. Synthetic polyurethane skulls replicas were used as templates for installation of standard and zygomatic implants performing two techniques using rehabilitation with using one zygomatic implant in the right and left side in combination with 2 and 4 standard implants in...

Developmental changes of the zygomatic bone, maxilla and suture between them were investigated on two groups of five newborn rabbits at birth. The zygomaticomaxillary suture was not yet completed in the newborn rabbit, but its completion was observed in the first week after birth. The fusion found on the suture has gradually begun in its middle position, and finally the suture line disappeared,...

To evaluate the advantages and efficacy of two point mini plate fixation for the zygomatic complex fractures using lateral eye brow and infra orbital approaches for fixing the fronto zygomatic fracture and infra orbital fracture. The zygomatico-maxillary complex functions as the principle buttress of the face and is the cornerstone to an individual’s aesthetic appearance. The zygomatic complex ...