abstract from longley, the various equations for determining the runoff to water management are presented by the researchers that are widely used in hydrologic sciences. in this study by using observational data, was evaluated empirical, artificial neural network (ann) and ca-active neuro-fuzzy inference system (canfis) models in estimation of runoff. for this purpose, by using climatic and phy...

BACKGROUND Aquatic insects are the major groups of arthropods that spend some parts of their life cycle in the water. These insects play an important role for transmission of some human and animal diseases. There is few information about the aquatic insects fauna of Iran. METHODS To study the aquatic insects fauna, adult, nymphal and larval collections were carried out from different habitats...

Background: Zayandeh-rud river is the most important in central regions of Iran and present study aimed to provide new insights into microplastics (MPs) pollution surface water sediments this river. Methods: Water sediment samples were collected July 2021 from 19 sampling sites along Organics matters removed by wet peroxide oxidation (WPO), MPs extracted floatation ZnCl2 -saturated salt filtrat...

in order to improve irrigation water productivity (wp) at rice production, a field experiment was conducted at shahid fozveh research station (esfahan region) during 2001-2003. experiment was arranged in a split plot design (rcbd) with three replications. the treatments were: three levels of irrigation managements including i1: permanent flooding under 3.5cm water during growth period, i2:perma...

the quality of the river water is assessed in different months in different stations to evaluate the change in the quality in re1ation with the various point sources along the river. thirteen parameters were measured in the samples manually taken from three meters off shore in 20 cm. depth in four points representing the quality in four reaches under consideration. the results revealed that nat...

Due to lack of confidence, the process of decision making and planning is a difficult task. Various tools are available to help decision-makers and planners as well as risk management methods for prediction and planning. Being aware of the period and intensity of a phenomenon is the keystone of dealing with critical events in risk management, knowing that the relationships among involved factor...

this study is focused on developing an integrated optimization-simulation based genetic algorithm model (iosga) to develop the operational policies for a multi-purpose reservoir system. the objective function of the optimization model is considered to be a linear function of reliability (rel), resiliency (res), and vulnerability (vul) of the river-reservoir system. genetic algorithm (ga) is emp...