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;\ PORTION of the research for my recently Dcompleted doctoral dissertation consisted of a questionnaire directed to 80 vice presidents (or directors) ofresearch in industry and 78 people occupying as similar a role as I could find at the campuses of the 48 United States members of the Association of American Universities. The questionnaire set forth a list of 15 assorted impediments to univers...

PURPOSE The question of how and when English-speaking children acquire auxiliaries is the subject of extensive debate. Some researchers posit the existence of innately given Universal Grammar principles to guide acquisition, although some aspects of the auxiliary system must be learned from the input. Others suggest that auxiliaries can be learned without Universal Grammar, citing evidence of p...

In this article, we introduce a measure of within-participant response consistency for use in the analysis of performance in decision-making tasks. The measure is an estimate of the correlation between the responses associated with two identical blocks of trials, the second of which has yet to be conducted. We derive a formula for the measure that can be applied to data from any two-choice deci...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the interaction between individual and environmental determinants of physical activity, although this may be important information for the development of effective interventions. The goal of this paper is to investigate whether perceived neighborhood safety modifies associations between individual cognitions and sports participation. METHODS Cross-sectional da...

Correspondence to: Dr M J Nieuwenhuijsen, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK; m.nieuwenhuijsen@imperial. ac.uk _________________________ Q uestionnaires are frequently used in the exposure assessment of occupational and environmental epidemiological studies. Questionnaires may be the method of choice for assessing exposure because no other sources of information ar...

The current study investigates phonological involvement in Japanese word recognition by advanced and intermediate Chinese learners. A homophonic, semantic and unrelated (control) primed lexical decision task was used to test the participants’ reactions times (RTs) and accuracy scores. Only the RTs of the participants’ accurate YES responses in the lexical decision task (yes/no) were used as dep...

Several experiments suggest that the relation between detection, signal energy, and perceived tone intensity is very different from the relation between detection, signal energy, and perceived tone duration. We propose a new task, the magnitude estimation and detection (MED) task, that allows one to assess the relation between the psychological dimensions of a stimulus and detection. In Experim...

BACKGROUND Accuracy of measurement is a cornerstone of research in order to make robust conclusions about the research hypothesis. OBJECTIVE To examine whether the number of items (questions) and the number of consumption responses (the coding used to measure the frequency of consumption) included in nutritional assessment tools influence their repeatability. METHODS During 2009, 400 partic...

Methods The present study utilised data from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), from 1995 to 2009. Using a single yes/no question that asked “Has [the child]/have you ever experienced being hungry because the family has run out of food or money to buy food?,” the authors sought to assess how reports of hunger were associated with depression self-reported ac...