The major components of federal dairy policy — the price support program, federal milk marketing orders, and import quotas — have been in place for more than 50 years. These programs have tried to address the market effects which result from a commodity that is highly perishable; bulky (expensive to transport long distances); produced 365 days a year with a limited ability to alter short-run pr...

OBJECTIVE Invasive bladder cancer (IBC) is a common urological malignancy accounting for 4%-5% of all cancers in Denmark. Our aim was to examine possible changes in short- and long-term survival of patients with IBC during 1998-2009. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Data on all patients (N = 4032) with an incident diagnosis of IBC within a population of 1.8 million were retrieved from the Danish Nati...

Between 1985 and 1998, 12,331 patients were included in the general neonatal ultrasound hip screening programme for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Patients who needed treatment (604) were compared with a second group of 73 unscreened children treated conservatively and surgically for DDH. The incidence of Graf sonographic hip types IIc to IV varied throughout the observation period. ...

OBJECTIVES Our study examines the differences in estimated risk of developing hypertension in Whites, Blacks, and Mexican-Americans aged > or = 50 for a period of 11 years. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data came from 9,259 respondents who reported being hypertension-free at the baseline in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) with up to five time intervals (1998-2006). Discrete-time sur...

AIMS To ascertain the effect of enhanced surveillance following an outbreak of waterborne cryptosporidiosis on the number of faecal specimens submitted to the local microbiology laboratory and the number positive for common enteric pathogens. The outbreak provided an opportunity to estimate the extent of routine under ascertainment of common enteric pathogens. METHOD Retrospective search of t...

Using a spatial percentile approach, we explore the magnitude of temperature anomalies across the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Linear trends in spatial percentile series are estimated for 1881–2013, the most recent 30 year period (1984–2013), and 1998–2013. All spatial percentiles in both hemispheres show increases from 1881 to 2013, but warming occurred unevenly via modification of cold ...