Genetic polymorphisms in homologous recombination repair genes cause an abnormal development of cancerous cells. In the present study we evaluated the possibility of breast cancer association with single nucleotide polymorphisms of RAD51, XRCC2 and XRCC3 genes. Polymorphisms selected in this study were RAD51 135G/C, XRCC2 Arg188His; and XRCC3 Thr241Met. Each polymorphism was genotyped using Pol...

The Rad51 protein in eukaryotic cells is a structural and functional homolog of Escherichia coli RecA with a role in DNA repair and genetic recombination. Several proteins showing sequence similarity to Rad51 have previously been identified in both yeast and human cells. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two of these proteins, Rad55p and Rad57p, form a heterodimer that can stimulate Rad51-mediated D...

Homologous recombination (HR) is the major pathway for repairing double strand breaks (DSBs) in eukaryotes and XRCC2 is an essential component of the HR repair machinery. To evaluate the potential role of mutations in gene repair by HR in individuals susceptible to differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) we used high resolution melting (HRM) analysis, a recently introduced method for detecting m...

DNA repair by homologous recombination is essential for preserving genomic integrity. The RAD51 paralogs (RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, XRCC2 and XRCC3) play important roles in this process. In this study, we show that human RAD51 interacts with RAD51C-XRCC3 or RAD51B-C-D-XRCC2. In addition to being critical for RAD51 focus formation, RAD51C localizes to DNA damage sites. Inhibition of RAD51C results...

Loss of mismatch repair (MMR) leads to a complex mutator phenotype that appears to drive the development of a subset of colon cancers. Here we show that MMR-deficient tumour cell lines are highly sensitive to the toxic effects of thymidine relative to MMR-proficient lines. This sensitivity was not a direct consequence of MMR deficiency or alterations of DNA precursor metabolism. Instead, MMR-de...

background: the high resolution melting (hrm) method is a new scanning method for detecting unknown changes in dna and its advantages have persuaded researchers to recruit it as a screening method. objectives: here, we developed a hrm method to screen r188h snp (rs3218536) of xrcc2 and compared the results with a well known pcr-rflp technique. materials and methods: genomic dna samples from 350...

INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoke and alcohol can generate reactive oxygen species, which may induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), the most serious DNA lesion. In humans, DSBs are repaired mainly by non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair (HRR). Several polymorphisms in the DNA repair gene have been extensively studied in the association with various human cancers. In the p...

BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women and has a major heritable component. The risks associated with most rare susceptibility variants are not well estimated. To better characterise the contribution of variants in ATM, CHEK2, PALB2 and XRCC2, we sequenced their coding regions in 13 087 BC cases and 5488 controls from East Anglia, UK. METHODS Gene coding regions ...

Homologous recombinational repair of DNA double-strand breaks and crosslinks in human cells is likely to require Rad51 and the five Rad51 paralogs (XRCC2, XRCC3, Rad51B/Rad51L1, Rad51C/Rad51L2 and Rad51D/Rad51L3), as has been shown in chicken and rodent cells. Previously, we reported on the interactions among these proteins using baculovirus and two- and three-hybrid yeast systems. To test for ...

Introduction Endometrial cancer is a component of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma, primarily the consequence of mutations in genes involved in mismatch repair (MMR; MSH2, MLH1, PMS1, and PMS2). In addition to the repair of DNA replication errors, MMR genes have been implicated in homologous recombination repair (HRR) in yeast and in mammalian cells (1, 2). The involvement of the MM...