Density-functional theory requires ever better exchange-correlation (xc) functionals for the ever more precise description of many-body effects on electronic structure. Universal constraints on the xc energy are important ingredients in the construction of improved functionals. Here we investigate one such universal property of xc functionals: the Lieb-Oxford lower bound on the exchange-correla...

T cell infiltration into the CNS is a significant underlying pathogenesis in autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Several lines of evidence suggest that glutamate dysregulation in the CNS is an important consequence of immune cell infiltration in neuroinflammatory demyelinating diseases; yet, the causal link between inflammation and glutamate dysregulation is not well understood. A m...

Despite longstanding evidence that hypoglycaemic neuronal injury is mediated by glutamate excitotoxicity, the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved remain incompletely defined. Here, we demonstrate that the excitotoxic neuronal death that follows GD (glucose deprivation) is initiated by glutamate extruded from astrocytes via system xc---an amino acid transporter that imports L-cystine and ...

In the framework of density functional theory, a formalism to describe electronic transport in the steady state is proposed which uses the density on the junction and the steady current as basic variables. We prove that, in a finite window around zero bias, there is a one-to-one map between the basic variables and both local potential on as well as bias across the junction. The resulting Kohn-S...

Strain improvement and medium optimization to increase the productivity of spiramycin were carried out. Of oil tolerant mutant strains screened, one mutant, Streptomyces ambofaciens XC 2-37, produced 9% more spiramycin than the parent strain S. ambofaciens XC 1-29. The effects of soybean oil and propyl alcohol on spiramycin production with S. ambofaciens XC 2-37 were studied. The potency of S. ...

Exchange of extracellular cystine for intracellular glutamate by the antiporter system xc (-) is implicated in numerous pathologies. Pharmacological agents that inhibit system xc (-) activity with high potency have long been sought, but have remained elusive. In this study, we report that the small molecule erastin is a potent, selective inhibitor of system xc (-). RNA sequencing revealed that ...

The construction of the free Banach lattice generated by a real space is extended to complex setting. It shown that for every E there FBLC[E] containing linear isometric copy and satisfying following universal property: XC, operator T:E→XC admits unique homomorphic extension Tˆ:FBLC[E]→XC with ‖Tˆ‖=‖T‖. have analogous properties those its counterpart. However, examples non-isomorphic spaces F c...

Most of the density-to-potential inversion methods developed over years follow a general algorithm $ v_{xc}^{i+1}(\textbf{r}) = v_{xc}^{i}(\textbf{r}) + \Delta v_{xc}(\textbf{r})$, where $\Delta v_{xc}(\textbf{r}) \frac{\delta S[\rho]}{\delta \rho(\textbf{r})} \Big |_{ \rho_i(\textbf{r})} - \rho(\textbf{r})}\Big|_{ \rho_0(\textbf{r})}$ and $S[\rho]$ is an appropriately chosen density functional...

The antiporter system xc imports the amino acid cystine, the oxidized form of cysteine, into cells with a 1:1 counter-transport of glutamate. It is composed of a light chain, xCT, and a heavy chain, 4F2 heavy chain (4F2hc), and, thus, belongs to the family of heterodimeric amino acid transporters. Cysteine is the rate-limiting substrate for the important antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and, along...

T164, A0969, page 1442, journal of the American Society of Nephrology, September 1996, Volume 7, #9 Link not available Abstract: We performed a cross-sectional study of BIA (Bioelectrical impedance analysis, BIA 101-Q, RJL Systems, Clinton Township, MI) in 3009 HD (hemodialysis) patients with follow-up to 12 (median 8) months to evaluate the relation between impedance and survival. 296 deaths w...