INTRODUCTION A soft X-ray microscope can be used to investigate hydrated specimens, particularly living cells, with a high resolution about several times better than that of a visible light microscope. It can also extend to material science, plasma fusion research, magnetic research, environment science, and so on. The reflecting optics used in a soft X-ray microscope requires supersmooth surfa...

Detector Crystal The Laser Fusion Experiments Groups from the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) and the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) have jointly developed an instrument capable of simultaneously space-, time-, and spectrally resolving x-ray emission from inertial confinement fusion (ICF) targets. Uses of the instrument include framed imaging of line emission from fuel or shell dop...