â â â  â â â â â  the aim of this paper is to simulate the effects of some macroeconomic policy tools on production and inflation of iran by the current worldwide financial and real crisis. the theoretical framework of the analysis is based on the so-called ‘imf/world bank integrated model’ which is the synthesis (a merger) of the basic monetary approach of the balance of payments used at t...

By the mid 1990s, scholars, practitioners, and policy makers alike had begun to recognize the critical importance of good governance for growth and poverty reduction. Yet corruption, its mirror image, remained “taboo” at the World Bank up until the historic “cancer of corruption” speech in 1996 of then-Bank President James Wolfensohn that formally brought governance and anticorruption into the ...

While many international organisations have independent evaluations, including the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Health organization (WHO), uniquely the World Bank in its 2015 World Development Report sought to ascertain the potential biases that influence how its staff interpret evidence and influence policy. Here, we describe the World Bank’s study design, including experiments ...