Abstract We analyze by simulation the properties of two time domain and two frequency domain estimators for low order autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average Gaussian models, ARFIMA (p; d; q). The estimators considered are the exact maximum likelihood for demeaned data, EML, the associated modi ed pro le likelihood, MPL, and the Whittle estimator with, WLT, and without tapered dat...

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the application of latent class growth analysis (LCGA) to identify different working life trajectories (WLT) using employed working time by year as a repeated measure. Methods Trajectories are estimated using LCGA, which considers all individuals within a trajectory to be homogeneous. The methodology was applied to a subsample of the Spanish WORKi...

TO THE EDITOR: I read the Viewpoint article by Haouzi (1) entitled “Precedence and autocracy in breathing control” with great interest. The author makes a strong and informative case for the complexity of the mechanisms involved in the control of breathing. But he makes conventional error of assuming that “it evolved by chance and necessity . . . shaping the structures and functions of the resp...

BACKGROUND Altered Cl- homeostasis and GABAergic function are associated with nociceptive input hypersensitivity. This study investigated the role of two major intracellular Cl- regulatory proteins, Na+-K+-Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) and K+-Cl- cotransporter 2 (KCC2), in neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI). RESULTS Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a contusive SCI at T9 using the ...

The present paper deals with the design of experimental work matrices for two groups of experiments by using Response surface methodology (RSM). The first EDM group was dealt with the use of kerosene dielectric alone, while the second was treated by adding the graphite micro powders mixing to dielectric fluid (PMEDM). The total heat flux generated and fatigue lives after EDM and PMEDM models we...

In [6] Tsay and Bagrodia present a correct and complete proof rule for proving within UNITY statements of the form “(true 7→ p) ⇒ (true 7→ q). Their result is obtained by specializing a proof rule due to Manna and Pnueli [5] and translating premises and conclusions into the UNITY framework. However, specializing the rule from [5] is not sufficient, details of the proof have to be invoked and mo...

BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common occurrence following spinal cord injury (SCI). Identification of specific molecular pathways that are involved in pain syndromes has become a major priority in current SCI research. We have investigated the role of a cation-dependent chloride transporter, Cl-regulatory protein Na(+)-K(+)-Cl(-) 1 (NKCC1), phosphorylation profile of NKCC1 and its speci...

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