Nowadays, when people colloquially use the word “wireless,” they almost always mean a portable telephone. Over the last 10 years, there has been tremendous growth in the mobile communications markets not only in Japan but also worldwide. For these 10 years, the most popular service has been dominated by voice communication. However, modern mobile communications systems are shifting their focus ...

In a majority of currently deployed wireless communication systems, the objective is to sell a product.We describe standard cellular antennas, smart antennas using fixed beams, and adaptive. Wireless communication systems are limited in performance. SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS.The adoption of smart adaptive antenna techniques in future wireless systems is. The main impediments to high-performance wirel...