We present a Concurrent-Learning approach for adaptive control that uses recorded data concurrently with instantaneous data for adaptive flight control. Concurrent learning can guarantee tracking error and weight error convergence to zero subject to a verifiable condition on linear independence of the recorded data; without requiring persistency of excitation in the system states. Simulation st...

Experiments have been carried out at sub-critical Reynolds number to investigate free-to-roll motions induced by forebody and/or wings complex flow on a 30° swept back nonslender wings-slender body-model for static and dynamic (pitch-up) cases. For the dynamic (pitch-up) case it has been observed that roll amplitude decreases and lag increases with increase in pitching speed. Decrease in roll a...

During slow flight, bird species vary in their upstroke kinematics using either a 'flexed wing' or a distally supinated 'tip-reversal' upstroke. Two hypotheses have been presented concerning the function of the tip-reversal upstroke. The first is that this behavior is aerodynamically inactive and serves to minimize drag. The second is that the tip-reversal upstroke is capable of producing signi...

An extensive experimental study is conducted to examine effects of different winglet-shapes and orientations on the vortex behind a wing, static surface pressure over the wing, and wing wake of a swept wing at various angles of attack. Four types of winglets, spiroid (forward and aft), blended, and winggrid are used in this investigation. Wing static surface pressure measurements are obtained f...

Competition–colonization trade-off models explain the coexistence of competing species in terms of a trade-off between competitive ability and the ability to colonize competitor-free patches of habitat. A simple prediction of these models is that inferior competitors will be superior dispersers. This prediction has seldom been tested in natural populations because measuring dispersal is difficu...

OBJECTIVE The main objectives of the present study were to investigate the rock pigeon parasitic communities from Iraq as well as reporting on the prevalence and intensity of various infections from both sexes. METHODS An examination of 128 specimens of the live rock pigeon Columba livia from Iraq was undertaken. The samples were obtained from several localities of Iraq. Blood samples were ex...

This paper introduces a numerical method for region of attraction (ROA) estimation the adaptive control system in polynomial form. A classical controller with sigma modification on suppressing wing rock motion is revisited. Using nonlinear analysis technique based sum squares optimization, ROA origin computed respect to potential measurement error. The obtained result gives solid guarantee allo...