There is increasing controversy about the use of the whip as a performance aid in Thoroughbred horseracing and its impact on horse welfare. This paper offers a critical analysis of the British Horseracing Authority's (BHA) 2011 Report Responsible Regulation: A Review of the Use of the Whip in Horseracing. It examines the BHA's process of consultation and use of science and public opinion resear...

The effectiveness of transmitting force by using undulation is well known, but it takes time for the whip to flex and then sequentially transmit force. An example of using undulation is a whip whose tip movement exceeds the speed of sound. The whip-like motion principle requires that the user firmly plant the feet on the ground – a position that may lead to physical damage. Experts note that th...

Received 13/07/92; revised 01/12/92; accepted 20/04/93 * Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University ** Lecturer, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia. Address reprint requests to: Dr. M. A. Abdullah * Teledyne Hanau, P.O. Box 203,80 Sonwil D...

Many arthropods possess filiform hair sensilla (termed trichobothria in arachnids), which are extremely sensitive detectors of medium particle displacement. Electrophysiological evidence in some taxa suggests that these sensilla can detect air particle displacements resulting from intraspecific communication signals. However, it has not yet been shown for any species that the air particle displ...

Changing social values and new technologies have contributed to increasing media attention and debate about the acceptable use of animals in sport. This paper focuses on the use of the whip in thoroughbred horse racing. Those who defend its use argue it is a necessary tool needed for safety, correction and encouragement, and that it does not cause the horse any pain. For those who oppose its us...

the routine treatment for rotated maxillary incisor is a fi xed appliance, but in some instance the use of this method is impossible. in addition, in only limited cases of rotation, removable appliance is applicable. in this study, the use of a semi-removable appliance is presented, which has some benefi ts over the other methods. in this study, the corrections of about 70 -90° rotation of the ...

the aim of this case report was to introduce an appliance for correcting severe rotation of anterior teeth in the mixed dentition period. a 9-year-old iranian boy with a mixed dentition class i malocclusion complained of a severely rotated of upper right central incisor. there was a mesiodens between the central incisors. the supernumerary tooth was first extracted and then a whip appliance whi...

Abstract This article examines two female slaveholders, one real and fictional, to explore the relationship between gender slave management in both history popular culture. Annie Palmer, “White Witch of Rose Hall” plantation Jamaica, although creation folklore journalistic exaggeration, has functioned for a century half as symbol not only evils slavery but idea that slaveholders’ cruelty threat...