Rumble strips aim to alert the driver of dangerous situations via acoustic and tactile stimulation. They can, however, also lead increased noise in surroundings. Strip parameters vehicle type determines size these vibratory effects. In our work, 16 rumble strip types (including with irregular spacing) were evaluated respect their effects on acoustics, vibration, perception. Interior exterior em...

a paper-pot transplanter was designed, developed and evaluated in the field by transplanting sugar beet seedlings grown in paper pots. a ground-driven counter wheel equipped with an infra-red sensor measures the traveled distance and sends the corresponding signals to a micro-controller. a step motor controlled by the micro-controller turns the driving shaft of the paper-pot metering mechanism ...

the single wheel tester is an experimental device used to measure wheel forces when studying the relation of soil and wheel in a soil bin or in the field. in the model under development, a special frame holding the test wheel is connected to a loading carriage by two pairs of vertical rails and four rollers to provide a floating connection. by applying a driving torque to the test wheel shaft, ...

Apart from regular wheel wear such as decreasing wheel diameters and reduced flange thicknesses and heights, wheel flats (WF) and oval wheels (or OOR, Out-Of-Roundness) are the most common wheelset problems for railway vehicles. Within the FP7 Research Project “Saferail”, APT has developed an innovative wheelset monitoring system so-called “Wheel flat and Out of Roundness Monitoring (WORM) syst...

we find an explicit expression of the tutte polynomial of an $n$-fan. we also find a formula of the tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel in terms of the tutte polynomial of $n$-fans. finally, we give an alternative expression of the tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel and then prove the explicit formula for the tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel.