Submerged arc welding contributes to approximately 10% of the total welding. Approximately 10% -15% of the flux gets converted into very fine particles termed as flux dust before and after welding, due to transportation and handling. If welding is performed without removing these very fine particles from the flux, the gases generated during welding are not able to escape, thus it may result int...

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and ozone are produced in many arc-welding processes. Cr(VI) is formed when welding with chromium-containing alloys and is a suspected carcinogen. Ozone is formed by the action of ultraviolet light from the arc on oxygen and can cause severe irritation to the eyes and mucous membranes. Previous work has demonstrated that reduction of sodium and potassium in manual m...

Aiming at establishing a reliable welding technique for magnesium alloys, the laser weldability of different types of magnesium alloys has been investigated using a high-brightness disc laser. It was found that high quality joints could be fabricated in the case of wrought type alloys when a certain defocusing level was optimized for the employed high-brightness laser beam of the newly develope...

Welding process is common in manufacturing industry especially for car component assembly. The demand on vehicles in development contry has push the SMIs to contribute the economic forward.The purpose of this study is to monitor the toxic gases level in the welding process in SMIs. The case study was done in two car component manufacturer which is a supply for national car. The data from monito...

Shielding gases are fundamental to the operation of the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process and there are a number commonly used, each with its own specific properties, i.e., ionization potential, which creates unique arc characteristics (Refs. 1–7). Shielding gases are also commonly used in a variety of premixed combinations of two or more gases in order to take advantage of the beneficial pr...

In the first European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS I), an excess asthma risk was associated with high exposure to gases and fumes, mineral and biological dusts. In a 9-year follow-up study (ECRHS II), the aim was to study if welding at work increases the risk of asthma symptoms, wheeze and chronic bronchitis symptoms. The study also aimed to identify specific welding risk factors....

This paper reviews studies of occupational lung diseases in Romania in the last two decades. Work concerned with the effects of exposure to textile fibres, irritant gases and fumes in the chemical industry, welding fumes, asbestos, cadmium oxide, and the relation between dust exposure, pneumoconiosis, and chronic bronchitis is briefly presented.

Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) is the primary process for precision joining of metals due to its capability for accurate control of heat input. As a close relative and modification of GTAW, plasma arc welding (PAW) has higher energy density and can penetrate thicker workpieces while maintaining the desired capability for accurate control of heat input. In order to produce quality welds consist...