Accumulation profiles of wax esters in Euglena gracilis Z were studied under several environmental conditions. The highest amount of total wax esters accumulated under hypoxia in the dark, and C28 (myristyl-myristate, C14:0-C14:0) was prevalent among all conditions investigated. The wax ester production was almost completely suppressed under anoxia in the light, and supplying exogenous inorgani...

Various attempts have been made to substitute metal as the wax pattern mold material due manufacturing costs and time-consumption. This research investigates linear volume shrinkage on of gypsum, silicone rubber, epoxy resin alternative materials molds. A nylon master was by machining. The size set a reference for dimensional comparison with cast pattern. Wax molds were created using pattern, n...

Although an all-ceramic restoration is increasingly in use in dentistry, a conventional metal ceramic restoration is still considered to be a gold standard. However, with increasing demand in esthetics and advances in ceramic technology, future of metal ceramic restoration has been less certain, necessitating additional qualities in terms of superior esthetics and easy fabrication. A ceramic-pr...

Mammals are known to utilize wax esters with an efficiency of less than 50%. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether or not minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), which at times may eat considerable amounts of wax-ester-rich krill, represent an exception to this general pattern. Samples of fresh undigested forestomach, as well as colon, contents were obtained from minke whal...

This report describes the case of a 42 years old male patient whose one right hand finger was partially lost as a result of occupational trauma. A modified impression technique was used for impression making and wax pattern was fabricated using the normal hand of the same patient. A special type of wax was formulated to make a pattern which was easily molded and carved. Two indexed casts were u...

In the paper the analysis of wax pattern and casting dimensions changes during each stages of investment casting technology process has been presented. Results of wax patterns and castings of test plate free and restrained contractions dimensions changes research carried out in Department of Foundry Engineering at Brno University of Technology have been presented as well. Moreover obtained resu...

Mulberry (Morus species) leaf is the sole food for monophagous silkworms, Bombyx mori L. Abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and high temperature, significantly decrease mulberry productivity and post-harvest water loss from leaves influence silkworm growth and cocoon yield. Leaf surface properties regulate direct water loss through the cuticular layer. Leaf surface waxes, contribute fo...

Epicuticular waxes influence leaf reflectance, but the spatiotemporal dynamics in their reflectance properties have not been properly characterized, and its consequences remain unknown. In this study, we analysed the seasonal changes in wax reflectance of Scots pine needles. It tended to decrease with needle age and towards lower positions within the canopy. In addition, we also identified a cl...

Cuticle, including wax and cutin, is the barrier covering plant aerial organs and protecting the inner tissues. The Arabidopsis thaliana ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter CER5 (AtWBC12) has been identified as a wax exporter. In agreement with the latest report of another wax exporter, AtWBC11, here we show that atwbc11 mutants displayed organ fusions and stunted growth, and became vulnerab...

Craniofacial implants have been shown to provide excellent stability and retention for auricular prosthodontic rehabilitation. The locations of implant placement are critical to achieve optimal prosthetic results. This article describes a procedure for fabricating a surgical template from a diagnostic wax-up of an ear without destroying the wax pattern. A full-contour template can assist in pro...