In the context of agricultural nitrogen excesses in northwestern France, pyrite-bearing weathered schist aquifers represent important hydrological compartments due to their capacity to eliminate nitrate (NO3-). Under oxygen-free conditions, nitrate is reduced simultaneously with the oxidation of pyrite leading to the release of sulfate (SO4/2-). The aim of the present study is to identify the h...

Regional water supply systems undergo surplus and deficit conditions due to differences in inflow characteristics as well as due to their seasonal demand patterns. This study proposes a framework for regional water management by proposing an interbasin transfer (IBT) model that uses climate-informationbased inflow forecast for minimizing the deviations from the end-of-season target storage acro...

The Masinga Reservoir located in the upper Tana River basin, Kenya, is extremely important in supplying the country’s hydropower and protecting downstream ecology. The dam serves as the primary storage reservoir, controlling streamflow through a series of downstream hydroelectric reservoirs. The Masinga dam’s operation is crucial in meeting power demands and thus contributing significantly to t...

low level of efficiency is a main problem of surface irrigation systems that is due to their poordesign and management. furrow inflow rate and cut off time are the most important design parametersthat affect the efficiency of furrow irrigation. in this study, furrow irrigation condition of amir kabiragro-industry sugarcane fields was simulated with winsrfr3.1 model. then, irrigation performance...

In January 2003, a major inflow of cold and oxygen-rich North Sea Water terminated an ongoing stagnation period in parts of the central Baltic Sea. In order to investigate the role of North Sea Water inflow in the production of nitrous oxide (N2O), we measured dissolved and atmospheric N2O at 26 stations in the southern and central Baltic Sea in October 2003. At the time of our cruise, water re...

Carrier-mediated water cotransport is currently a favored explanation for water movement against an osmotic gradient. The vestibule within the central pore of Na(+)-dependent cotransporters or GLUT2 provides the necessary precondition for an osmotic mechanism, explaining this phenomenon without carriers. Simulating equilibrative glucose inflow via the narrow external orifice of GLUT2 raises ves...

Abstract The possibility of estimating groundwater inflow to irrigation drains in Minia, Egypt, using stable isotopes has been explored. The evaporation pan technique described here makes use of small variations in the concentration of naturally occurring stable isotopes (oxygen-18 and deuterium) in irrigation-fed groundwater and surface water as well as agricultural drainage water. The agreeme...

One of the biggest challenges in managing cold water streams in the Midwest is understanding how stream temperature is controlled by the complex interactions among meteorologic processes, channel geometry, and ground water inflow. Inflow of cold ground water, shade provided by riparian vegetation, and channel width are the most important factors controlling summer stream temperatures. A simple ...

A major drawback of separate sewer systems is the occurrence of illicit connections: unintended sewer cross-connections that connect foul water outlets from residential or industrial premises to the storm water system and/or storm water outlets to the foul sewer system. The amount of unwanted storm water in foul sewer systems can be significant, resulting in a number of detrimental effects on t...

Deteriorated water quality due to nonpoint source pollution from herbicides is one of the environmental problems receiving attention this decade. One off-site best management practice (BMP) being suggested to improve water quality is vegetative buffer strips. This study was conducted on a Storden loam soil, under simulated rainfall (6.35 cm/h), to determine the effects of nominal inflow concent...