slow sand filtration (s.s.f) is a main process in the water treatment technology and generally considered as most appropriate for application in rural and small urban areas in developing countries. however, performance of the s.s.f is very sensitive to high turbidity levels. therefore, pretreatment is necessary for such waters. horizontal - flow roughing filtration (hfrf) and direct horizontal ...

This study shows the benefits of using high molecular weight cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) in the purification of wastewater discharged from a wet scrubber in secondary lead smelter for reuse. The effect of temperature, pH, filtration pressure, polymer dose and different types of filtration fabrics on filtration rate (x), efficiency (ε) and quality of the produced water for recycling have bee...

Filtration under an ultrasonic field is a technique that is gaining importance in the wastewater treatment research field, not only due to its ability as a cleaning mechanism, but also as a filtration intensifier. The main objective of this research was the study of the influence of ultrasonic waves on the filtration of the oilfield wastewater (known as produced water) in order to increase the ...

bioaerosols are the most significant risk for exposed people leads to infectious diseases. this study was aimed at evaluation of physical and microscopic characteristics and submicron particulate filtration efficiency of surgical masks used in hospitals throughout iran. five types of domestic (zist filter, elhamteb and arman masks) and imported (blosom, face masks) surgical masks were tested se...

The changes in triazine and acetamide concentrations in water during natural and artificial treatment by bank filtration, ozonation, filtration, and chlorination were measured at the well field and drinking water treatment plant of Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. The city’s groundwater supply is affected by induced infiltration and transport of triazines and acetamide herbicides from the Platte River i...

The growing need for clean drinking water worldwide has increased the interest in natural surface-water treatment techniques such as bank filtration. Bank filtration has been used for more than a century in drinking water production. Historically, it was recognized as an efficient natural attenuation process ensuring sustainability of drinking-water supply. If bank-filtration facilities are des...

Waste-tire-derived crumb rubber was utilized as filter media to develop an efficient filter for ballast water treatment. In this study, the effects of coagulation, pressure filtration and dual-media (gravity) filtration on the performance of the crumb rubber filtration were investigated. The removal efficiencies of turbidity, phytoplankton and zooplankton, and head loss development were monitor...