the current study is an attempt to investigate the particular role learners' vocabulary knowledge plays in their reading comprehension performance. it intends to determine whether breadth and depth of vocabulary knowledge are related to efl learners' reading comprehension, and to investigate which one of these variables, that is, depth or breadth of vocabulary knowledge, makes a more important ...

A first course on probability (at the high-school level) typically begins with an account of the theory of permutations and combinations needed for calculating probabilities in games of chance, such as dice or cards. Like many other aspects of mathematics, this theory of permutations and combinations first developed in India, although an account of its history is usually missing in stock presen...

This paper introduces GURU, a system that informatively and flexibly helps people find an item they are likely to enjoy. Our thesis is that a recommendation system can be cognitively plausible and collaborate with its users in real time. Like people, GURU retrieves supplementary data and considers similarity along multiple dimensions. Its representation is analogous to the ways that people reco...

In this paper we describe how to couple reputation systems with distributed consensus protocols to provide high-throughput highly-scalable consensus for large peer-to-peer networks of untrusted validators. We introduce reputation module Guru, which can be laid on top of various consensus protocols such as PBFT or HoneyBadger. It ranks nodes based on the outcomes of consensus rounds run by a sma...