The role of scenic landscapes in restoring human mental fatigue has begun to receive attention from landscape researchers. However, little is known about the positive role of visually-preferred landscapes on restorative environments and in improving the mental fatigue of people. This study attempted to determine the relationship between the predictors of preference and restorative components of...

Abstract Time preference reversal refers to systematic inconsistencies between preferences and bids for intertemporal options. From the two eye-tracking studies (N1 = 60, N2 110), we examined underlying mechanisms of time reversal. We replicated effect in which individuals facing a pair options choose smaller-sooner option but assign higher value larger-later one. Results revealed that mean fix...

BACKGROUND Neonates show visual preference for their mother's face/voice and shift their attention from their mother to a stranger's face/voice after habituation. AIM To assess neonate's mother versus stranger's face/voice visual preference, namely mother's anxiety and depression during the third pregnancy trimester and neonate's: 1) visual preference for the mother versus the stranger's face...

purpose: to evaluate the correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer (nfl) thickness and visual field parameters in patients with optic atrophy. methods: this study was performed on 35 eyes of 28 patients with optic atrophy. nfl thickness was measured by optic coherence tomography (oct) and visual field analysis was performed by humphrey perimetry. the correlation between nfl thickness and vi...

objectives: instruction of local anesthesia injection in an important part of dental education curricula. this study was performed to compare dental students’ preference with regard to tactile or visual determination of injection site for an inferior alveolar nerve block (ianb) in children. materials and methods: this crossover randomized clinical trial was conducted on dental students of zahed...


 Rule-following is affected by multiple variables. A relevant aspect of rules regards whether they “make sense”, that is, the extent to which instruction coheres with previously reinforced patterns relational responding. The present study aimed evaluate influence coherence upon rule-following. After mastering a particular set conditional relations (e.g., A1B1, A2B2), participants were exp...