Analytical relations between the critical buckling load of a functionally graded material (FGM) Timoshenko beam and that of the corresponding homogeneous Euler–Bernoulli beam subjected to axial compressive load have been derived for clamped–clamped (C–C), simply supported–simply supported (S–S) and clamped–free (C–F) edges. However, no such relation is found for clamped–simply supported (C–S) b...

This paper presents a biomechanical model for the small pits, called crypts, that line the colon. A continuum approach is adopted, with the crypt epithelium modelled as a growing beam attached to the underlying lamina by cell bonds, which generate tension within the layer. These cell attachments are assumed to be viscoelastic thus allowing for cell progression along the crypt. It is shown that ...

Hollow sections have been widely used for steel structures. Applications of High Strength Steel (HSS) on cold-formed hollow sections lead to thinner and lighter structures. This paper presents numerical investigations on the lateral-torsional buckling resistance of the cold-formed high strength steel rectangular hollow beam. Results from finite element analysis using Abaqus software are compare...

the efficiency and robustness of reliability methods are two important factors in first order reliability method (form). the conjugate choice control (ccc) and directional chaos control method (dcc) were developed to improve the robustness and efficiency of form formula using the stability transformation method. in this paper, the ccc and dcc methods are applied for reliability analysis of a co...

Thermal buckling behavior of functionally graded Euler-Bernoulli beams in thermal conditions is investigated analytically. The beam with material and thermal properties dependent on the temperature and position is considered. Based on the transformed-section method, the functionally graded beam is considered as an equivalent homogeneous Euler-Bernoulli beam with an effective bending rigidity un...

In this paper, the dynamic response of an axially moving viscoelastic beam with simple supports is calculated analytically based on Timoshenko theory. The beam material property is separated to shear and bulk effects. It is assumed that the beam is incompressible in bulk and viscoelastic in shear, which obeys the standard linear model with the material time derivative. The axial speed is charac...

In the present study, the buckling analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) on the basis of a new refined beam theory is analyzed. The SWCNT is modeled as an elastic beam subjected to unidirectional compressive loads. To achieve this aim, the new proposed beam theory has only one unknown variable which leads to one equation similar to Euler beam theory and is also free from any shear ...

in this paper, load and buckling mode of a smart column are presented. the theoretical model is a three-layer piezoelectric composite beam that behaves as an axial actuating mechanism. this actuator consists of an elastic core sandwiched between two piezoelectric active outer layers. the piezoelectric layers are polarized transversely, i.e., the polarization vector is parallel to the applied el...