The recent increase in inequality in the U.S. and other developed countries has stimulated debate among economists. This debate is best exemplified by Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the twenty-first century and his critics. Taking aside the predictions for the future and the role that capital gains play in this debate, a deeper question is: what is a “normal” level of inequality in historical term...

The relationship between fiscal decentralization and vertical inequality has long received attention by federalism theorists. However, horizontal been largely overlooked. This study will present a novel empirical examination of the decentralization, inequality, inequality. Specifically, it focus on how institutional quality military expenditure affect decentralization–inequality nexus across 33...

Th is paper analyses the nature and causes of the patterns of inequality and poverty in India. Since the economic liberalization in the early 1990s, the evidence suggests increasing inequality (in both spatial and vertical terms) as well as persistent poverty. Th e macroeconomic policies possibly responsible for these trends include—fi scal tightening, regressive tax policies and expenditure cu...

A zero of a piecewise smooth function f is said to be nondegenerate if the function is Fr echet diierentiable at that point. Using this concept, we describe the usual nondegeneracy notions in the settings of nonlinear (vertical, horizontal, mixed) complementarity problems and the variational inequality problem corresponding to a polyhedral convex set. Some properties of nondegenerate zeros of p...

We analyze conditions for violation of the Bell inequality in the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt form, focusing on Josephson phase qubits. We start the analysis with maximum violation in the ideal case, and then take into account the effects of local measurement errors and decoherence. Special attention is paid to configurations of the qubit measurement directions in the pseudospin space lying with...

The recent increase in inequality in the U.S. and other developed countries has stimulated debate among economists. This debate is best exemplified by Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the twenty-first century and his critics. Taking aside the predictions for the future and the role that capital gains play in this debate, a deeper question is: what is a “normal” level of inequality in historical term...

The recent increase in inequality in the U.S. and other developed countries has stimulated debate among economists. This debate is best exemplified by Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the twenty-first century and his critics. Taking aside the predictions for the future and the role that capital gains play in this debate, a deeper question is: what is a “normal” level of inequality in historical term...

The recent increase in inequality in the U.S. and other developed countries has stimulated debate among economists. This debate is best exemplified by Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the twenty-first century and his critics. Taking aside the predictions for the future and the role that capital gains play in this debate, a deeper question is: what is a “normal” level of inequality in historical term...

This paper analyses the ‘root’ causes of complex humanitarian emergencies (CHEs) on the basis of studies conducted in a UNU/WIDER project on social and economic causes of CHEs; and identifies policies that appear relevant to the prevention of conflict. The paper regards horizontal inequality (i.e. inequality among groups, in contrast to vertical inequality which measures inequality among indivi...

We deal with initial-boundary value problems describing vertical vibrations of viscoelastic von Kármán-Donnell shells with a rigid inner obstacle. The short memory (Kelvin-Voigt) material is considered. A weak formulation of the problem is in the form of the hyperbolic variational inequality. We solve the problem using the penalization method.