Congenital scoliosis due to vertebral anomalies may occur in less than 0.1% of the population. Several different theories have been put forth in the literature to account for the etiology of congenital scoliosis and the vertebral anomalies which contribute to its development. The study of scoliosis in twins has contributed to the understanding of causative factors including genetics, environmen...

Association of vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheoesophageal, renal and  limb anomalies (VACTERL) is rare anomaly with an incidence of 1.6 per 10000 births. This condition is a combination of anomalies recognized  as a hereditary entity with poor prognosis. Herein, we report VACTERL association presenting with auricle atresia. A male neonate with a birth weight of 2690 grams, head circumference 3...

association of vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheoesophageal, renal and  limb anomalies (vacterl) is rare anomaly with an incidence of 1.6 per 10000 births. this condition is a combination of anomalies recognized  as a hereditary entity with poor prognosis. herein, we report vacterl association presenting with auricle atresia. a male neonate with a birth weight of 2690 grams, head circumference 3...

Anorectal malformations (ARM) are associated with a myriad of congenital anomalies. The prevalence rates of associated anomalies range from 20% to 80%, commonest being urogenital anomalies. Other important associations and syndromes include Down syndrome and VACTERL (vertebral, anorectal, cardiac, trachea-esophageal, renal, limb) anomalies [1]. ARM has rarely been described in association with ...

Patterns of vertebral variation across mammals have seldom been quantified, making it difficult to test hypotheses of covariation within the axial skeleton and mechanisms behind the high level of vertebral conservatism among mammals. We examined variation in vertebral counts within 42 species of mammals, representing monotremes, marsupials and major clades of placentals. These data show that xe...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case study by clinical and radiological data analysis. PURPOSE To analyze different types of vertebral anomalies and the incidence of associated intraspinal anomalies in the Indian population. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE This is the largest study of congenital scoliosis and associated intraspinal anomalies in Indian population. Incidence of intraspinal anomaly in this ...

Goldenhar's syndrome is a rare condition described initially in the early 1950's. It is characterized by a combination of anomalies: dermal epibulbar cysts, auricular appendices and malformation of the ears. In 1963, Gorlin suggested the name oculo-auriculo-vertebral (OAV) dysplasia for this condition and also included vertebral anomalies as signs of the syndrome. The etiology of this rare dise...

Splenoptosis (wandering or ectopic spleen) is a congenital fusion anomaly of the dorsal mesogastrium in which the spleen is abnormally mobile due to its attachment by a long vascular pedicle. This abnormal mobility predisposes the spleen to complications such as torsion, infarction, gangrene and pancreatic necrosis. Pseudocyst formation is one of the rarely reported complications of splenoptosi...