This study explores the relationship between the vehicle exhaust emissions caused by a trip and the characteristics of the driver involved. The hypothesis formulated is that certain ‘groups’ of individuals produce more emissions (per kilometre) than others and therefore should be treated differently when aiming vehicle emission reduction. To support this hypothesis an activity-based survey coll...

This study discusses the performance and exhaust emissions of a vehicle fueled with low content alcohol (ethanol and methanol) blends and pure gasoline. The vehicle tests were performed at wide-open throttle and at vehicle speeds of 40 km h 1, 60 km h 1, 80 km h 1 and 100 km h 1 by using an eddy current chassis dynamometer. The test results obtained with the use of alcoholegasoline blends (5 an...

The objective here is to evaluate the intra-and inter-vehicle variability in realworld light-duty gasoline vehicle emissions and assess implications for development of onroad vehicle emission inventories. A field study was conducted to characterize variability for selected vehicles for both total emissions and emission rates by routes, time of day, road grade, and among vehicles. Real-world dat...

The temporary ineffectiveness of motor vehicle emission controls at startup causes emission rates to be much higher for a short period after starting than during fully warmed, or stabilized, vehicle operation. Official motor vehicle emission inventories estimate that excess emissions during cold-start operation contribute a significant fraction of all hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide (CO), and nitr...

This study is the first in a series of papers that aim to develop high-resolution emission databases for different anthropogenic sources in China. Here we focus on on-road transportation. Because of the increasing impact of on-road transportation on regional air quality, developing an accurate and high-resolution vehicle emission inventory is important for both the research community and air qu...

On-road vehicle tests of three diesel trucks were conducted by a portable emission measurement system (PEMS) in Chengdu, China. SEMTECH-ECOSTAR provided by Sensors, Inc and MI2, an emissions measuring instrument powered by the Pegasor Particulate Sensor (PPS) were employed to detect gaseous and particle emissions during the tests. The impacts of speed and acceleration on emissions were analyzed...

In April 1999, the Coordinating Research Council sponsored a workshop focusing on our understanding of real-world emissions from motor vehicles. This summary presents the latest information on in-use light- and heavy-duty vehicle tailpipe and evaporative emissions, the effects of fuels on emissions, field programs designed to understand the contribution of mobile sources to emission inventories...