the capacitated vehicle routing problem (cvrp) is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem that holds a central place in logistics management. the vehicle routing is an applied task in the industrial transportation for which an optimal solution will lead us to better services, save more time and ultimately increase in customer satisfaction. this problem is classified into np-hard problem...

among numerous np-hard problems, the traveling salesman problem (tsp) has been one of the most explored, yet unknown one. even a minor modification changes the problem’s status, calling for a different solution. the generalized traveling salesman problem (gtsp)expands the tsp to a much more complicated form, replacing single nodes with a group or cluster of nodes, where the objective is to fi...

the suspension system of a vehicle is one of the most important parts which is involved in the process of vehicle designing. when a vehicle suspension system is designed, the evaluation of its performance against the road disturbances such as shocks and bumps are very important. the most commonly used systems consist of four hydraulic jacks with mobility in vertical line with low speed and low ...

Vertical dynamics modeling and simulation of a six-wheel unmanned military vehicle (MULE) studied in this paper. The Common Mobility Platform (CMP) chassis provided mobility, built around an advanced propulsion and articulated suspension system gave the vehicle ability to negotiate complex terrain, obstacles, and gaps that a dismounted squad would encounter. Aiming at modeling of vehicle vertic...

injuries suffered in vehicle traffic crashes are the leading cause of death among children in many countries. prevention of injuries of children in raod accidents is still a challenge. the present lecture discuss the commonly injuried body regions in children involved in motor and non-motor vehicle traffic crashes. head, ribs and lung are commonly injured body regions among children under 8 yea...

This study presents a developed hybrid electrical air-cushion tracked vehicle (HETAV) for the transportation operation of agricultural and industrial goods on the swamp peat terrain bearing capacity of 5 kN/m. The vehicle’s design parameters are optimized by using the developed mathematical models which are made based on the kinematics and dynamics behaviors of the vehicle. A set of sensors are...

BACKGROUND The immune system plays a critical role in the development and pathogenesis of actinic keratosis (AK). Imiquimod has been shown to stimulate the cutaneous immune response and be effective for the treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancers. OBJECTIVE Two phase III, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled studies evaluated the efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream compared with vehicle in t...

Introduction: Recent studies have reported that the Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis miller) plant has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of different doses of Aloe vera extract after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in male rats. Materials and Methods:  In this study, 70 male rats were divided into 2 groups; each group consists of 5 of sub-g...

OBJECTIVE To determine the risk of motor vehicle occupant deaths per unit of travel for Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and non-Hispanic white children (aged 5-12 years) and teenagers (aged 13-19 years). DESIGN Comparison of 1989 to 1993 motor vehicle occupant death rates of children and teenagers by race, ethnicity, and sex by using data on mortality from the National Center for Health Statist...