BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The absence of acute ischemic lesions in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients makes it difficult to diagnose the true vascular etiologies. Among patients with DWI-negative TIA, we investigated whether the presence of a perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) abnormality implied a true vascular event by identifying new acute ischemic lesion...

PURPOSE This study was designed to elucidate the role of inflammatory process in diabetic retinopathy and to investigate the effect of baicalein treatment on diabetic rat. METHODS Retinal microglial cells were identified with CD11b antibody, and retinal Müller cells were identified with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The gene expression of interleukin (IL)-18, tumor necrosis factor (...

Secondary hemifacial spasm (HFS) occurs by a conflict between the facial nerve and intracranial pathology, such as cerebellopontine angle tumor or vascular abnormality like arteriovenous malformation (AVM) aneurysm. HFS caused AVM is rare, optimal combination of treatment options has not been established. with without microvascular decompression (MVD) was provided in previous studies, outcomes ...

Changes in vascular function and structure of vessels are evaluated by flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and intima-media thickness (IMT), respectively , which are surrogate markers for atherosclero-sis 1-3). Increased IMT of the carotid artery and impaired brachial FMD are indeed prevalent in patients with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as those with diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hy...

Cerebrovascular diseases are considered among possible causes of acute/subacute parkinsonism, representing up to 22% of secondary movement disorders. In cases of suspected vascular parkinsonism (VP), dopamine transporter SPECT has been highly recommended to exclude nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration. We report the case of a hemiparkinsonism related to a left midbrain infarct with focal lat...

OBJECTIVES To provide the clinician with a guide to the clinical utility of 99mTc-HMPAO single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and to the interpretation of specific test results in the differential diagnosis of dementia. METHODS Three hundred and sixty three patients with dementia were studied prospectively for a median three (range 1-6) years and classified into disease groups on...