A hurricane (also tropical cyclone, typhoon) is a warm-core, low-pressure system that develops over tropical or subtropical waters. Most hurricanes form from a trough of low-pressure, over ocean surface temperatures greater than 26°C. As air moves across the ocean surface, it extracts moisture (water vapour) and energy (as a result of evaporation) from the ocean. The low pressure draws air inwa...

In this study, mathematical calculations developed through water-vapour phase-change theory is used to interpret the processes involved in the fresh water production of a thermoelectric distillation system. The rate of water production depends on various parameters of vaporization phenomena such as water and vapour temperatures, pressure, specific volume, heat capacity and water-vapour surface ...

A selection of models for estimating vapour pressures have been tested against experimental data for a set of compounds selected for their particular relevance to the formation of atmospheric aerosol by gas-liquid partitioning. The experimental vapour pressure data (all <100 Pa) of 45 multifunctional compounds provide a stringent test of the estimation techniques, with a recent complex group co...

This paper presents experimental data and numerical simulations of transient vaporous cavitation events generated by a downstream fast valve closure in a pipeline. The experimental apparatus comprises a 37.2 m long constant-sloping pipe of 22.1 mm internal diameter connecting two pressurized tanks. The simulation results show that improper selection of the weighting function in the convolution-...

A finite-volume model is used to simulate 9 years (1995–2003) of snow temperatures at the South Pole. The upper boundary condition is skin-surface temperature derived from routine upwelling longwave radiation measurements, while the lower boundary condition is set to the seasonal temperature gradient at 6.5m depth, taken from prior measurements at the South Pole. We focus on statistics of tempe...

The Gibbs-Bogoliubov formalism in conjunction with the pseudopotential theory is applied to the calculation of the vapour pressure of eight liquid metals from Groups I to IV of the periodic table and of alloys (Na-K). The calculated vapour pressure o f the elements and their temperature dependencies, the partial pressures, activities and boiling points of the alloys are all found to be in reaso...