OBJECTIVE To comprehensively review and critically assess the literature on vaginal estrogen and its alternatives for women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause and to provide clinical practice guidelines. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to April 2013. We included randomized controlled trials and prospective comparative studies. Interventions and c...

OBJECTIVES To measure the effect of vaginal estrogen cream in the treatment of vaginal atrophy in menopausal Indian women. METHODS A total of 50 menopausal women aged between 40 and 80 years old with symptoms of vaginal atrophy were selected and treated with 0.5 g vaginal estrogen cream, twice weekly for 12 weeks. The women were followed-up monthly where symptom score, Genital Health Clinical...

INTRODUCTION The decline in circulating estrogen levels in peri- and postmenopause has a wide range of physiological effects, including atrophy of tissues in the urogenital tract. Vaginal atrophy is an important contributor to postmenopausal sexual dysfunction. AIM To provide a framework for clinical evaluation and clinical management of sexual dysfunction secondary to vaginal atrophy. METH...

After menopause, many women experience vaginal dryness and atrophy of tissue, often attributed to the loss of estrogen. An understudied aspect of vaginal health in women who experience dryness due to atrophy is the role of the resident microbes. It is known that the microbiota has an important role in healthy vaginal homeostasis, including maintaining the pH balance and excluding pathogens. The...

OBJECTIVE To support the practitioner in the diagnosis of vaginal atrophy and in the management of the related symptoms. OPTIONS The modalities of evaluation range from basic pelvic examination, examination of the vulva, and laboratory tests. OUTCOMES A comprehensive approach to the detection of vaginal atrophy and a discussion of available therapeutic and nontherapeutic options. EVIDENCE...

OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of local oxytocin for the treatment of post-menopausal vaginal atrophy. DESIGN Double-blinded randomised controlled trial. SETTING Healthy post-menopausal women in Stockholm, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS Sixty four post-menopausal women between February and June 2012 at the Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge/Sweden. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The efficacy of ox...

Vaginal atrophy is a consequence of postmenopausal estrogen deprivation, causing symptoms such as vaginal dryness, irritation, itching, burning, urinary incontinence, urinary tract infections, and dyspareunia. These symptoms cause extreme discomfort, decrease libido, and significantly impact the quality of life in menopausal women. Considering that symptoms associated with vaginal atrophy do no...

Objective: In this study, we aimed at evaluation of the efficacy of Hypericum perforatum and flaxseed on hot flash, vaginal atrophy and estrogen-dependent cancers in menopausal women Materials and Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (RCT) to explore trials that assessed the effectiveness of H. perforatum and flaxseed on hot flash, vagina...

The aim of this research was to perform a systematic review of the efficacy of non-hormonal herbal drugs in the treatment of vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Three electronic databases were systematically searched from their inception to May2015: PubMed, Cochrane Library (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and Scopus. In this meta-analysis, vaginal maturation value was cons...

The aim of this research was to perform a systematic review of the efficacy of non-hormonal herbal drugs in the treatment of vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Three electronic databases were systematically searched from their inception to May2015: PubMed, Cochrane Library (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and Scopus. In this meta-analysis, vaginal maturation value was cons...