The Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was initially identified in November 2021 South Africa and Botswana, as well a sample from traveller Hong Kong1,2. Since then, has been detected globally. This appears to be at least infectious Delta (B.1.617.2), already caused superspreader events3, outcompeted within weeks several countries metropo...

Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype IVb (VHSV-IVb) is presently found throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes region of North America. We recently developed a DNA vaccine preparation containing the VHSV-IVb glycoprotein (G) gene with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter that proved highly efficacious in protecting muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) and three salmonid species. This study was condu...

We describe a mumps outbreak in a highly-vaccinated population attending a party at a youth club. In a retrospective cohort study with 60 of approximately 100 participants responding, vaccination status was verified for 58/59 respondents, of whom 54 were vaccinated twice and four once. The attack rate was 22% (13 cases, all vaccinated), with smoking at the party (risk ratio (RR) 3.1; 95% confid...

every year, millions of moslems depart to saudi arabia from more than one hundred countries around the world for paying to hajj precept. high percentages of these pilgrims suffer from an influenza-like illness (ili). this study was designed and conducted on 32370 iranian pilgrims (36% of total number of iranian pilgrims) to evaluate the incidence of the illness and determination of influenza va...

This study investigated COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and support for employer mandates termination non-vaccinated employees among a national sample in New Zealand. A total of 1852 individuals participated the study. Results indicated participants who are able to get vaccinated less likely mandated vaccinations rights employers terminate refuse vaccinated. However, self-identify that they can have...

BACKGROUND Vaccination campaigns against A/H1N1 2009 pandemic influenza virus (A/H1N1p) began in autumn 2009 in Europe, after the declaration of the pandemic at a global level. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of individuals vaccinated against A/H1N1p in Norway who were already infected (asymptomatically or symptomatically) by A/H1N1p before vaccination, using a mathematical model. ...

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine (Improvac(®)) is effective at diminishing boar taint by interfering with testis function. Early pre-pubertal vaccination at 10 and 14 weeks-of-age could be desirable if sufficient and sustained effects could be achieved. Crossbred male pigs (n=24) were randomly assigned to three groups each with eight individuals: an unvaccinated control group, one ...

Pertussis is increasing in frequency among children too young to be vaccinated and among adolescents and adults. This increase is due mainly to waning immunity among vaccinated individuals, who become susceptible during adolescence and adulthood and maintain the circulation of Bordetella pertussis. Infants are at highest risk of severe illness requiring hospital admission, complications and dea...