PREMISE OF THE STUDY Plant mating systems and geographic range limits are conceptually linked by shared underlying drivers, including landscape-level heterogeneity in climate and in species' abundance. Studies of how geography and climate interact to affect plant traits that influence mating system and population dynamics can lend insight to ecological and evolutionary processes shaping ranges....

Pollinators mediate the evolution of secondary floral traits through both natural and sexual selection. Gender-biased nectar, for example, could be maintained by one or both, depending on the interactions between plants and pollinators. Here, I investigate pollinator responses to gender-biased nectar using the dichogamous herb Chrysothemis friedrichsthaliana (Gesneriaceae) which produces more n...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are associated with almost all plants in nature and are ubiquitous. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi status of 10 wild herb and shrub was investigated during winter and summer season in Pine forest of himalaya(HP). The herbs and shrubs investigated for studied are: Reinwardtia indica, Berberis lycium, Viola serpens,Taraxacum officinale, Caryopteris wallichiana...

Taxonomic studies were carried out on the ant genus Lepisiota Santschi, 1926 in India, with description of four new species, L. binghami sp. nov., pusaensis satpuraensis and wilsoni based worker caste. Redescription distribution records five known annandalei (Mukerjee, 1930), bipartita (Smith, 1861), integra (Forel, 1894), layla Wachkoo, Bharti & Akbar, 2021, pulchella 1892), are provided. An i...

Hasta la fecha, el anuro Boana pulchella sólo contaba con cuatro registros en Paraguay, realizados durante año 1983, los departamentos Misiones e Itapúa del Sur Región Oriental de Paraguay. El objetivo presente nota es reportar dos nuevos especie, tras 38 años última colecta, ecosistemas agrícolas departamento Misiones.

Aposematism is an evolved, cross-species association between a preys' unprofitability and the presence of conspicuous signals. Avian predators have been widely employed to understand the evolution of these warning signals However, insect predators are abundant, diverse, and highly visual foragers that have been shown to be capable of learned aversion. Therefore, it is likely that their behaviou...

1. This paper describes the effects of differences in food quantity and quality on selected life history traits of Ceriodaphnia pulchella. Animals were fed with four concentrations of two green algae, Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlamydomonas globosa, given separately as well as in a 1 : 1 mixture. 2. In most cases growth, reproduction and condition of the animals and consequently the rate of popu...

The starvation tolerance of the moonsnail Laguncula pulchella was examined under nonfeeding conditions in laboratory using individuals at early stages development, which comprised subadults (?19 mm shell width) and newly hatched juveniles (?1.7 mm). survived for ?86 days 20°C, ?56 25°C, ?22 30°C, whereas ?323 20°C ?181 30°C. These ranges were relatively greater than those other gastropods. Ther...