In this chapter the fundamental aspects involved in biological treatment processes applied for the removal of nitrogen from wastewaters are described. A comprehensive review of the literature is provided including kinetic, microbiological and biochemical aspects of nitrification, denitrification and anammox, as well as key operational parameters affecting the processes. This information is rele...

Anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) is relatively poor due to hydrolysis limitations. Acid and alkaline pretreatments are effective in enhancing hydrolysis leading to higher methane yields. However, chemical costs often prohibit full-scale application. In this study, 12 V two-chamber electrolysis using an anion exchange membrane alters sludge pH without chemical dosing. pH dropp...

The application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process is often limited by the slow growth rate of Anammox bacteria. As the essential substrate element that required for culturing Anammox sludge, Fe (II) is expected to affect Anammox bacterial growth. This work systematically studied the effects of Fe (II) addition on Anammox activity based on the kinetic analysis of specific growth ...

Anaerobic digestion process can be improved in combination with bioelectrochemical systems order to recover energy and resources from digestates. An electromethanogenic microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) coupled an ammonia recovery system based on hydrophobic membranes (ARS-HM) has been developed ammonia, reduce organic matter content upgrade biogas digested pig slurry. A lab-scale dual-chamber ...

The phylogenetic affiliation and physiological characteristics (e.g., Ks and maximum specific growth rate [μmax]) of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacterium, "Candidatus Scalindua sp.," enriched from the marine sediment of Hiroshima Bay, Japan, were investigated. "Candidatus Scalindua sp." exhibits higher affinity for nitrite and a lower growth rate and yield than the known anammox ...

(1) Potential uses of photosynthetie bacteria in the recycling of human wastes have been considered. I t is concluded that systems using photosynthetic bacteria may have advantages over purely algal systems under conditions where total recycling is needed and energy is not abundant. (2) Two systems are proposed in which the metabolic potential of the photosynthetic bacteria might be realized. B...