Investments in process technologies during the past two decades to increase productivity and efficiency in product development have not yielded the gains in productivity that would be expected. This lack of return on investment is due to injecting new process technologies and tools into old product development processes. Globalization and mass customization, termed 'the new business imperative'...

expansion of urban area is a well-known phenomenon in developing countries with population growth and the migration from villages to cities being two major factors. those factors reduce the influence of efforts to limit the cities boundaries. thus, spatial planners always look for the models that simulate the expansion of urban land-uses, and enable them to prevent unbalanced expansions of citi...

Physical factory layout redesigns or changes of the supply chain infrastructure involve high costs. Through simulation and value stream mapping, managers can see the impacts before the implementation and transform the organization into a lean one at minimal cost. In this paper, we investigate some relevant lean manufacturing literature where lean principles and tools are presented or utilized. ...

Extensibility and maintainability of software becomes more an issue as the complexity of the software development process rises. Design patterns in the sense of [3] aid in reducing the problem of architectural decay. However, new publications steadily increase the number of documented patterns. This makes the automated and toolsupported processing of design patterns more important as well as su...

One of the most significant challenges currently facing the system engineering profession is devising procedures for improving the system software requirements development process. While many practitioners promote a variety of automated tools and mechanistic templates as the means to improved productivity, experience suggests the highest leverage lies in harnessing the cognitive processes requi...