Main road widening can reduce the clearance of low-level underpass road, restricting passage vehicles and leading to collisions with structures. Therefore, checking effectively should be considered at design stage. This paper describes a digital twin approach for roads in highway projects using online map data. The BIM model newly widened based on existing main are created assist check redesign...

1. introduction defenseless spaces including areas with high vulnerability index in the cities due to the population growth and physical expansion on one hand and the exhaustion and destruction across the old areas on the other hand, nowadays are highly increased (laidler, 2009). urban defenseless spaces due to the high influence on urban life especially in order to the sense of fear of crime a...