OBJECTIVE HLA-DRB1*03-DQB1*0201/DRB1*04-DQB1*0302 (DR3/4-DQ8) siblings who share both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes identical-by-descent with their proband siblings have a higher risk for type 1A diabetes than DR3/4-DQ8 siblings who do not share both MHC haplotypes identical-by-descent. Our goal was to search for non-DR/DQ MHC genetic determinants that cause the additional r...

TRPA1-related drugs alter sensation, particularly in conditions of inflammation. To further characterize the role these bladder TRPA1 agonist cinnamaldehyde (CMA) and oral true cinnamon spice were examined preclinical models pain. Female adult rats, with without acute zymosan-induced cystitis, anesthetized visceromotor (VMR) cystometric responses to urinary distension (UBD) determined following...

UNLABELLED Anecdotal evidence suggests that chronic bladder pain improves while breastfeeding. The present study sought to identify potential mechanisms for such a phenomenon by investigating the effects of the lactogenic hormones prolactin (PL) and oxytocin (OXY) in a rat model of bladder nociception. Lactating rats were less sensitive to urinary bladder distension (UBD) than controls. In inve...

Cockayne syndrome B (CSB), best known for its role in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER), contains a ubiquitin-binding domain (UBD), but the functional connection between protein ubiquitylation and this UBD remains unclear. Here, we show that CSB is regulated via site-specific ubiquitylation. Mass spectrometry analysis of CSB identified lysine (K) 991 as a ubiquitylation ...

Macroporous poly(lactide-co-glycolide) PLGA 75/25 foams were prepared for application in bone tissue engineering. Their in vitro degradation behaviour was followed over a 30 week period at 37 degrees C and at one of three pHs: (1) pH 5.0, which mimics the acidic environment produced by activated macrophages, (2) pH 7.4, which reproduces normal physiological conditions and (3) an intermediate pH...

Al alloy foams of composition Al-3wt.%Si-2%Cu-2%Mg was produced using powder metallurgical method. Mechanical properties of foams having different density were measured using uni-axial compression test and the measured properties such as elastic modulus and strength were compared with those of other existing commercial foams. The newly produced (Al-3%Si-2%Cu-2%Mg alloy) foams showed comparable ...

Post-translational modification by ubiquitin (ubiquitination, ubiquitylation, ubiquitinylation) is used as a robust signaling mechanism in a variety of processes that are essential for cell homeostasis. Its signaling specificity is conferred by the inherent dynamics of ubiquitin, the multivalency of ubiquitin chains, and its subcellular context, often defined by ubiquitin receptors and the subs...