Tunnel structures are known as expensive infrastructures and determining optimum designs of these structures can play a great role in minimizing their cost. The formulation of optimum design of industrial tunnel sections as an optimization is considered in this paper and then the enhanced charged system search, as a recently developed meta-heuristic approach, has been applied to solve the probl...

High speed wind tunnels are widely used in the study of fluid flow behavior around various objects. The air flow in the starting step of supersonic wind tunnels is transient including strong shock waves caused by the interaction of the tunnel main stream and the boundary layer at walls. To arrive in running step, the tunnel must be designed so as these waves leave immediately the test section. ...

There are many mountains in the longitudinal center of Taiwan, which slow down transportation between the west and east in Taiwan. In order to solve this problem, Taiwan’s government decided to build a highway and an expressway between these two areas, which would include tunnels as part of the project because tunnels are more dangerous than the open road, how to safely enter, pass and leave tu...

in this paper, a systematic approach is presented for optimal design of tunnel support lining using two-dimensional finite element analysis models of soil-structure interaction developed in abaqus software and the modified colliding bodies optimization (mcbo) algorithm implemented in matlab environment. this approach is then employed to study the influence of variable geometrical and geo-mechan...

The control of vibration generated by railways in tunnels is complicated by the dynamic interaction between tunnel and track. Conventional methods (floating slab track, ballast mats, under-sleeper pads) do not perform as well as might be expected and it is the purpose of this paper to explore the sources of error. The major factors which must be taken into account pertain to the three-dimension...

Much research is currently being carried out in the field of nanoelectronic circuit design [1], [2]. One of the proposed quantum devices is the Single Electron Tunneling (SET) device. This SET device consists of a tunnel junction, through which only an integer number of electrons can tunnel. A new local tunnel condition will be derived in this paper. The derivation is based on the discrete char...

We report on the design and demonstration of polarization-engineered GaN/InGaN/GaN tunnel junction diodes with high current density and low tunneling turn-on voltage. Wentzel–Kramers– Brillouin calculations were used to model and design tunnel junctions with narrow band gap InGaN-based barrier layers. N-polar p-GaN / In0.33Ga0.67N /n-GaN heterostructure tunnel diodes were grown using molecular ...

Geologic uncertainty in underground construction often leads to design and construction conservatism and hence to inflated costs. This paper presents a general model for the probabilistic prediction of tunnel geology, as a basis for developing more effective tunnel design and construction decision support systems. The geologic conditions along the tunnel alignment are modeled by a set of geolog...

Citation: Whiteman ML, Fernández-Cabán PL, Phillips BM, Masters FJ, Bridge JA and Davis JR (2018) Multi-Objective Optimal Design of a Building Envelope and Structural System Using Cyber-Physical Modeling in a Wind Tunnel. Front. Built Environ. 4:13. doi: 10.3389/fbuil.2018.00013 Multi-Objective Optimal Design of a Building Envelope and Structural System Using Cyber-Physical Modeling in a Wind T...

Long weekly hours of keyboard use may lead to or aggravate carpal tunnel syndrome. The effects of typing on fluid pressure in the carpal tunnel, a possible mediator of carpal tunnel syndrome, are unknown. Twenty healthy subjects participated in a laboratory study to investigate the effects of typing at different wrist postures on carpal tunnel pressure of the right hand. Changes in wrist flexio...