When excavating a tunnel, the stresses are distributed asymmetrically along tunnel cross-section. Other factors, particularly slope friction force and excavation speed, can also contribute to deformation displacement of tunnel. Despite this, several authors have used complex potential method predict ground surrounding However, their applicability response caused by asymmetric stress distributio...

BACKGROUND The looped side of the semitendinosus tendon (ST) graft (i.e., the side inserted into the femoral tunnel during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction) appears to be oval rather than round. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cross section of the fourfold semitendinosus tendon graft and, more specifically, the differences in pressure exerted by a rounded rectangular t...

This paper addresses the problem of quantifying the mechanical contribution of rockbolts installed systematically around tunnels (regularly spaced around the tunnel) excavated in rock masses. Assuming that the mechanical contribution of grouted rockbolts is that of increasing internal pressure within a broken rock mass, a new procedure for computation of ground response curves for a circular tu...

This paper deals with MIMO channel modeling according to the correlation level in underground railway tunnels for various antenna configurations for the transmitting and receiving arrays. MIMO channel matrices have been computed with a 3D ray-tracing based software at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz in two different tunnel environments: 1) a 1-track empty tunnel with a square cross section, 2) a 1-track tu...

This paper deals with MIMO channel modeling according to the correlation level in underground railway tunnels for various antenna configurations for the transmitting and receiving arrays. MIMO channel matrices have been computed with a 3D ray-tracing based software at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz in two different tunnel environments: 1) a 1-track empty tunnel with a square cross section, 2) a 1-track tu...

To ensure the safety of excavations such as large section tunnels Guangxi Liubin Highway Tunnel Project, we implemented a simulation analysis 3D tunnel models based on finite software for different construction methods. Different from traditional simulation, this paper uses various methods to compare, study, and analyze advantages disadvantages excavation by combining them with excavation. The ...

For several years, wireless communication systems have been developed for train to infrastructure communication needs related to railway or mass transit applications. The systems should be able to operate in specific environments, such as tunnels. In this context, specific radio planning tools have to be developed to optimize system deployment. Realistic tunnels geometries are generally of rect...

The acrosswind response of isolated reinfe~c~d concrete chimneys of circular cross-section is studied using wind tunnel tests, full-scale measureme,~ts and response predictions based on semi-empirical methods. Three chimneys with available full-scale response observations were selected for this study to compare their measured and predicted responses. The wind tunnel experiments involved measure...

The 10.6 km long Sabzkuh water conveyance tunnel is currently under construction in High Zagros structural zone, located in western Iran, has used conventional (in section T1) and mechanized (in section T2) methods. The section T1 of the tunnel driven through alluvial geological units with great complexity in an area high potential for sliding and water-bearing fault which has made the excavati...