Motile bacteria follow gradients of attractant and repellent chemicals with high sensitivity. Their chemoreceptors are physically clustered, which may enable them to function as a cooperative array. Although native chemoreceptor molecules are typically transmembrane homodimers, they appear to associate through their cytoplasmic tips to form trimers of dimers, which may be an important architect...

The anti-angiogenic effect of thrombospondin-1 has been shown to be mediated through binding of the type-1 repeat (TSR) domain to the CD36 transmembrane receptor. We now report that the TSR domain can inhibit VEGF-induced migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), cells that lack CD36. Moreover, we identified beta1 integrins as a critical receptor in TSR-mediated inhibition of...

Tsr, the serine chemoreceptor of E. coli, has two signaling modes. One augments clockwise (CW) flagellar rotation, the other augments counter-clockwise (CCW) rotation. To identify the portion of the Tsr molecule responsible for these activities, we isolated soluble fragments of the Tsr cytoplasmic domain that could alter the flagellar rotation patterns of unstimulated wild-type cells. Residues ...

Tumor-related stroma plays an active role in tumor invasion and metastasis. The tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) in the pathologic specimen has drawn increasing attention from the field of predicting tumor prognosis. However, the prognostic value of TSR in solid tumors necessitates further elucidation. We conducted a meta-analysis on 14 studies with 4238 patients through a comprehensive electronic sear...

Herbicide-resistance mutations may impose a fitness penalty in herbicide-free environments. Moreover, the fitness penalty associated with herbicide resistance is not a stable parameter and can be influenced by ecological factors. Here, we used two Brachypodium hybridum accessions collected from the same planted forest, sensitive (S) and target-site resistance (TSR) to photosystem II (PSII) inhi...

In this paper we present a novel approach to map textual entities such as words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs or arbitrary text fragments onto artificial structures which we call “Text Sense Representation Trees” (TSR trees). These TSR trees represent an abstract notion of the meaning of the respective text, subjective to an abstract “common” understanding within the World Wide Web. TSR Trees...

The aim of this study was to explore how teachers and helpers experience that teacher-student relationship (TSR) is developed and promoted in upper secondary school. We also explored their experiences of qualities of TSR with students with mental health problems or at risk of dropping out. The study used a qualitative and participative approach; key stakeholders were included as co-researchers....

The genetic relationship between tsr and cheD mutations, which affect chemotactic ability and map at approximately 99 min on the Escherichia coli chromosome, was investigated. Mutants defective in tsr function typically exhibited wild-type swimming patterns, but were unable to carry out chemotactic responses to a number of attractant and repellent chemicals. In contrast, cheD mutants swam smoot...

We present a system for the real–time recognition of traffic signs from a moving car on European highways. The traffic sign recognition system (TSR) was developed within the European PROMETHEUS project in cooperation with Daimler–Benz and is installed in an autonomous car. Our TSR is also intended to serve as a driver assistance tool. The TSR is based on a fast color image analysis. This analys...

This paper proposes a TSK-type fuzzy controller (TFC) with a two-strategy reinforcement group cooperation based symbiotic evolution (TSR-GCSE) for solving various control problems. The TSR-GCSE proposes the two-strategy reinforcement (TSR) signal designed to improve the performance of the traditional reinforcement signal designed. Moreover, the TSR-GCSE is different from the traditional symbiot...