BACKGROUND Over-the-counter medicines (OTC) are widely available and can be purchased without a prescription. Their availability means that a customer may choose to purchase them without the involvement of a pharmacy/pharmacist. It is important to understand customer OTC purchasing perceptions and behaviour from a pharmacy to better understand the needs and opportunities in this space. OBJECT...

In metropolitan areas, public infrastructures for high-speed wireless networking can be built through the private contributions of individual “microoperators” who use their Internet-connected Wireless LANs (WLANs) to forward foreign traffic from and to nearby low-mobility clients. We have designed a practical WLAN aggregation scheme that (1) assumes that microoperators are selfish and do not tr...

Arizona is a large state that has undergone profound population changes since the end of World War II. It has two major population centers (Phoenix and Tucson) that together account for approximately 75% of the state’s population. Much of the remaining population is found in small communities scattered throughout the state. There is a high Native American population, largely rural but with some...

Mobile telecommunication has become an important part of our daily lives. Yet, industry standards such as GSM often exclude scenarios with active attackers. Devices participating in communication are seen as trusted and non-malicious. By implementing our own baseband firmware based on OsmocomBB, we violate this trust and are able to evaluate the impact of a rogue device with regard to the usage...

Although a multiplicity of local governments is often regarded as promoting efficiency in the supply of public services, political fragmentation can generate economies of scale and externality problems. Several exogenous solutions, including the creation of overlapping districts governments, consolidation of existing units and establishment of a metropolitan government, or direct state or feder...

In metropolitan areas, public infrastructures for high-speed wireless networking can be built through the private contributions of individual “micro-operators” who use their Internet-connected Wireless LANs (WLANs) to forward foreign traffic from and to nearby low-mobility clients. We have designed a practical WLAN aggregation scheme that (1) assumes that micro-operators are selfish and do not ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of collaborative learning on the development of social interaction, task management, and trust in dental hygiene students. These three traits were assessed with the Teamwork Assessment Scale in two different learning environments (traditional lecture/lab and collaborative learning environment). A convenience sample of fifty-six entry-level de...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether medical graduates who spent their intern year at a non-metropolitan hospital were more likely to practise outside metropolitan areas on completion of training than were interns in metropolitan hospitals. DESIGN Retrospective follow-up of doctors who held year-long internships at a non-metropolitan hospital and interns from metropolitan hospitals. SETTING Balla...

Th is article examines the relationship between electronic participation (e-participation) and trust in local government by focusing on fi ve dimensions of the e-participation process: (1) satisfaction with e-participation applications, (2) satisfaction with government responsiveness to e-participants, (3) e-participants’ development through the participation, (4) perceived infl uence on decisi...

We use experiments in high schools in two neighborhoods in the metropolitan area of Palermo, Italy to experimentally support the argument that the historical informal institution of organized crime can undermine current institutions, even in religiously and ethnically homogeneous populations. Using trust and prisoner’s dilemma games, we found that students in a neighborhood with high Mafia invo...