Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq., renamed Megathyrsus maximus Jacq.) is a native forage plant in Africa of great economic value, but it was introduced almost all tropical countries as source animal forage. Over the last decade, North arid regions (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt) through authorized unauthorized ways. It has two reproduction modes sexual apomictic Besides its abil...

Forage shrubs have the potential to substantially contribute pasture and increase milk production of cows in tropical environments. The yield performance forage its effects on chemical composition Bos indicus taurus crossbred tropics Peru were studied. Fifteen divided into M. alba, L. leucocephala, oleifera, C. argentea treatments only one B. brizantha (control). Analysis variance (p < 0.05)...

The forage quality of warm season perennial grasses grown in the Southern States, subtropics, and the tropics is often inadequate and is a major limitation to satisfactory animal performance. Quality improvement of those warm season grasses has been a high priority research objective in breeding programs. Hammond (1987) pointed out that C4 tropical and subtropical grasses generally have lower q...

Bees move and forage within three dimensions and rely heavily on vision for navigation. The use of vision-based odometry has been studied extensively in horizontal distance measurement, but not vertical distance measurement. The honey bee Apis mellifera and the stingless bee Melipona seminigra measure distance visually using optic flow-movement of images as they pass across the retina. The hone...

Seasonal fluctuations in water availability cause predictable changes in the profitability of habitats in tropical ecosystems, and animals evolve adaptive behavioural and spatial responses to these fluctuations. However, stochastic changes in the distribution and abundance of surface water between years can alter resource availability at a landscape scale, causing shifts in animal behaviour. In...

This review examines the behaviour and productivity of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) under different breeding systems and in relation to meat and milk production. At present, the steady increment in the consumption of products and sub-products of this species has generated the need to increase the number of animals incorporated into production by progressively expanding the use of stablin...